Cryptococcus gattii: Clinical Importance and Emergence in North America

Lockhart, Shawn R.; Harris, Julie

doi:10.1007/s12281-010-0021-y

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Cryptococcal pneumonia in immunocompromised patients may have a completely different and more rapid clinical course; C. neoformans tends to disseminate rapidly from the lungs or to reactivate from a primary focus, to eventually establish infection within the CNS, and patients often present with a meningeal rather than a pulmonary syndrome [115,116]. The clinical presentation of C. gattii in immunocompromised individuals is very similar to that of C. neoformans; however, the former is associated with more pulmonary and CNS cryptococcomas [117].…”

Section: Cryptococcosis In Immunocompromised Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthy individuals have been affected by C. gattii and C. neoformans, but these infections are more frequently caused by C. gattii [85,86,117,[133][134][135][136][137]. C. gattii may cause mild to severe clinical disease in the apparently healthy as well as in people with immunosuppressive conditions, including those with HIV infection, organ transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies [133][134][135][136][137].…”

Section: Cryptococcosis In Immunocompetent Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptococcosis, A Risk for Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Individuals

Costa¹,

Teixeira²,

Schalcher³

et al. 2013

TOEPIJ

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The genus Cryptococcus includes at least 37 different species, of which, two are important human pathogens: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. These fungi are opportunistic pathogens and etiologic agents of cryptococcosis disease in humans and animals. A variety of virulence factors interfere with the establishment of cryptococcal infection is usually acquired via inhalation of environmental basidiospores or desiccated yeasts. Cryptococcosis has gained medical importance over the last decade due to the AIDS pandemic, and become an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent individuals, especially in children. This disease in humans may involve every tissue, including cutaneous and pulmonary sites, but the most serious manifestation is central nervous system involvement with meningoencephalitis. In this review, we briefly described the taxonomy, the fungus biology, epidemiology and clinical manifestations of cryptococcosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.

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Section: Cryptococcosis In Immunocompromised Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cryptococcosis In Immunocompetent Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptococcosis, A Risk for Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Individuals

Costa¹,

Teixeira²,

Schalcher³

et al. 2013

TOEPIJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Microbiological characteristics of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus spp. in Bahia, Brazil: molecular types and antifungal susceptibilities

Matos¹,

Andrade²,

Oliveira

et al. 2012

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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To determine the profiles of susceptibility to antifungal and the genotypes of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus in Bahia, Brazil, 62 isolates were collected from cases of meningitis in the period from 2006 to 2010. Their susceptibilities to fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine were determined by the broth microdilution technique described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and genotyping of the URA5 gene was accomplished by restriction fragment length polymorphism. C. neoformans accounted for 79% of the identified yeast and C. gattii represented the remaining 21%. Evaluation of the genotypes determined that 100% of the C. gattii isolates belong to the VGII genotype, and 98% of the C. neoformans isolates belong to the VNI genotype. Determination of susceptibility revealed isolates resistant to fluconazole (4.8%), 5-flucytosine (1.6%) and amphotericin B (3.2%); the stratification of sensitivity results for each species showed significant differences in susceptibility to azoles. This study is the first to describe the susceptibility profiles of molecular and clinical isolates of Cryptococcus in Bahia, Brazil. The high percentage of C. gattii isolates belonging to the VGII genotype and its lower susceptibility to antifungal agents highlight the importance of knowing which species are involved in cryptococcal infections in northeastern Brazil.

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Cryptococcus gattii: Clinical Importance and Emergence in North America

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Cryptococcosis, A Risk for Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Individuals

Cryptococcosis, A Risk for Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Individuals

Microbiological characteristics of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus spp. in Bahia, Brazil: molecular types and antifungal susceptibilities

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