Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii: Serotypes in Venezuela

Pérez, Celina; Dolande, Maribel; Moya, Maria Janete; Roselló, Arantza; Capriles, Claudia R. Hartung de; Landaeta, María Eugenia; Mata-Essayag, Sofía

doi:10.1007/s11046-008-9132-1

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Serotype-C strains have been rarely isolated and, to date, only a few isolates from South America, North America and southern Africa have been reported. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In addition, no cases of serotype-C infection in India are reported in accordance with others studies reporting the isolation of mainly serotype B, both from clinical and environmental samples. [13][14][15] cryptococcosis carried out by the Neurological Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) in Bangalore from November 2004 to August 2007 (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In the present study, four serotype‐C C. gattii strains, isolated during a retrospective study on cryptococcosis carried out in the Bangalore area, have been characterised. Serotype‐C strains have been rarely isolated and, to date, only a few isolates from South America, North America and southern Africa have been reported 6–12 . In addition, no cases of serotype‐C infection in India are reported in accordance with others studies reporting the isolation of mainly serotype B, both from clinical and environmental samples 13–15 …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cryptococcus gattii serotype‐C strains isolated in Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Cogliati

Chandrashekar

Esposto

et al. 2011

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During a retrospective study on cryptococcosis carried out in Bangalore, Karnataka, India, four Cryptococcus gattii strains were isolated from one HIV-positive and three HIV-negative patients, two of which had unknown predisposing conditions. Serotyping and genotyping showed that the isolates were C. gattii serotype C, mating-type α and genotype VGIV. All the isolates were identical by multilocus sequence typing, but presented a low similarity compared with a set of 17 C. gattii global control strains. The comparison with a larger number of previously reported C. gattii strains, including African isolates, revealed a close relationship between Indian and African serotype-C isolates.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Cryptococcus gattii serotype‐C strains isolated in Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Cogliati

Chandrashekar

Esposto

et al. 2011

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…22 Till then C. gattii s.l. has been reported from Columbia 23 Papua, New Guinea, 24 Venezuela, 25,26 French Guiana, 27 Vietnam, 28 Hong Kong, 29 Botswana, 30 Zimbabwe 5 and Malawi. 23 On the other hand, the overall prevalence was found to be lower in Europe, South Africa, Mexico, Argentina, and Asia including China (without Hong Kong), southeast Asia and India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous system infection due to Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato in India: Analysis of clinical features, molecular profile and antifungal susceptibility

Mukhopadhyay

Bahubali

Netravathi

et al. 2017

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cryptococcus gattii species complex has evolved as a pathogen in the last two decades causing infection among both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. We aimed to analyse the clinical features of CNS infection caused by C. gattii sensu lato, molecular and antifungal susceptibility profile of this pathogen. Cases diagnosed to have CNS cryptococcosis were included in the study. Cryptococcus recovered from patient's specimen was identified by standard protocol. Species confirmation, mating type and molecular type determination were performed by PCR based methods. Antifungal susceptibility was tested in VITEK2C to amphotericin B, 5-flucytosine, fluconazole and voriconazole. Among 199 cases, 20 (10%) were due to C. gattii, comprising of 75% cryptococcal meningitis and 25% cryptococcoma cases. Young adult males were commonly affected. Headache and vomiting were prominent symptoms and 50% were immunocompromised. Among the isolates, 75%, 20% and 5% were C. tetragattii, C. gattii sensu stricto and C. bacillisporus respectively and all had mating type α. Four (20%) isolates of C. tetragattii and the only isolate of C. bacillisporus were resistant to fluconazole. The most common species isolated from south India is C. tetragattii. The study contributes to the epidemiology of C. gattii and reiterates the need for genotyping and antifungal susceptibility testing.

show abstract

“…Serotype C (i.e., C. gattii molecular type VGIV) has emerged as a relatively common cause of cryptococcosis in HIV-positive patients from sub-Saharan Africa (17,18) and has also been reported in India and South America (19)(20)(21). Patient race, HIV status, and travel histories were not available to determine whether the specimens with serotype C-like reactivity patterns in this study came from patients who had either lived in or traveled to geographic regions known to harbor serotype C Cryptococcus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Evaluation of the Immuno-Mycologics Lateral Flow and Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays for Detection of Cryptococcal Antigen in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Hansen

Slechta

Gates-Hollingsworth

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cryptococcosis is a systemic infection caused by the pathogenic yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii. Detection of cryptococcal capsular antigen (CrAg) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an important diagnostic role. We prospectively compared the new Immuno-Mycologics Inc. (IMMY) lateral flow assay (LFA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to our current CrAg test (Premier EIA; Meridian Bioscience Inc.). Discordant samples were retested with the latex-Cryptococcus antigen test (IMMY) and using serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). A total of 589 serum and 411 CSF specimens were tested in parallel. Qualitative agreement across assays was 97.7%. In all, 56 (41 serum and 15 CSF) samples were positive and 921 (527 serum and 394 CSF) samples were negative by all three assays. The 23 discrepant specimens were all Meridian EIA negative. Of 23 discordant specimens, 20 (87.0%) were positive by both the IMMY LFA and EIA, 2 were LFA positive only, and 1 was EIA positive only. Eleven discrepant specimens had adequate volume for latex agglutination (LA) testing; 8 were LA positive, and 3 were LA negative. LA-negative samples (2 CSF samples and 1 serum) had low IMMY LFA/EIA titers (<1:10). Serotype-specific MAb analysis of the LA-positive samples suggested that these specimens contained CrAg epitopes similar to those of serotype C strains. In conclusion, the IMMY assays showed excellent overall concordance with the Meridian EIA. Assay performance differences were related to issues of analytic sensitivity and possible serotype bias. Incomplete access to patient-level data combined with low specimen volumes limited our ability to fully resolve discrepant results. C ryptococcus spp. are encapsulated, yeast-like fungi that exist as saprobes in nature. Cryptococcosis, an invasive disease caused primarily by the pathogenic species Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii, is one of the most important opportunistic infections affecting immunocompromised patients worldwide. Immunoassays for the detection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen (CrAg) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have played an integral role in the diagnosis of invasive disease since the first description of a latex agglutination assay nearly 50 years ago (1).A variety of different immunoassays are cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis. These assays include latex agglutination (LA)-based tests, antigen capture sandwich enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), and a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) (2-4). The antigen target for all tests is glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), the primary polysaccharide component of the cryptococcal capsule. GXM occurs as four major serotypes-A, B, C, and D-and a hybrid serotype, AD (5, 6). Serotypes A and D make up the large majority of C. neoformans clinical isolates. Serotype B and C isolates are classified as C. gattii based on biochemical and molecular genetic features that differentiate them from serotype A and D isolates (7).The sensitivities of four...

show abstract

Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii: Serotypes in Venezuela

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Cryptococcus gattii serotype‐C strains isolated in Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Cryptococcus gattii serotype‐C strains isolated in Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Central nervous system infection due to Cryptococcus gattii sensu lato in India: Analysis of clinical features, molecular profile and antifungal susceptibility

Large-Scale Evaluation of the Immuno-Mycologics Lateral Flow and Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays for Detection of Cryptococcal Antigen in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About