Cryptogam covers on sepulchral monuments and re-colonization of a marble surface after cleaning

Hallmann, Christine; Wedekind, Wanja; Hause-Reitner, Dorothea; Hoppert, Michael

doi:10.1007/s12665-012-2213-y

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…An uncultured Exophiala sp. with 98 % identity to the ex-type strain of E. aquamarina (CBS 119918) in the 18S rDNA gene was reported as one of the main fungi colonizing a marble monument in Germany (Hallmann et al 2013). In that study, the fungus was identified as E. aquamarina but, taking into account its terrestrial habitat and that 18S is a relatively conserved gene (Iwen et al 2002), almost certainly the fungus on marble represents a different but related taxon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

et al. 2016

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In the course of taxonomic studies on saprobic microfungi from Spain, several slow-growing, dematiaceous hyphomycetes were isolated from soil, submerged plant material and river sediments. Sixteen of these strains were identified as members of the ascomycete order Chaetothyriales on the basis of morphology and DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and partial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. These included three novel species (Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii, Cyphellophora chlamydospora, and Rhinocladiella amoena) and five interesting, little-known or clinically-relevant species (Cyphellophora suttonii, Exophiala aquamarina, E. lacus, E. radicis, and Rhinocladiella similis). In addition, Exophiala oligosperma, an emerging opportunistic fungus, was found for the first time in an aquatic freshwater environment (river sediments). Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii resembles C. carrionii in the branching pattern of its conidial chains, but differs from the latter species in its inability to grow at 30 °C. Cyphellophora chlamydospora differs from other species of the genus in the absence of conidiation, producing only chlamydospores in vitro. Rhinocladiella amoena shows branched conidiophores similar to those of R. anceps, R. atrovirens, R. basitona and R. similis, but differs from them in conidial shape and size. The ex-type strain of Phialophora livistonae, included in the phylogenetic study, clustered with high statistical support with members of the genus Cyphellophora and is transferred to this genus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

et al. 2016

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“…Sarcinomyces are black meristematic yeasts capable of producing pigments such as melanin [43] and may cause irreversible damage to stone sculptures [44]. Since many black fungi are pleomorphic and have anamorphic life cycles with widely divergent types of propagation, morphology offers only a presumptive identification at the genus level [16].…”

Section: Effect Of Environmental Factors On Rock-inhabiting Fungal Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, there are species that can produce melanin, such as Capnobotryella sp. and Sarcinomyces sp., which may compromise the surface of the stones from the aesthetic and structural perspective [43]. Thus, the vast majority of species can also present a lichen association and be susceptible to air pollution, such as Physcia aipolia [49].…”

Section: Effect Of Environmental Factors On Rock-inhabiting Fungal Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Environmental Factors on Rock-inhabiting Fungal Communities from Brazilian Soapstone Sampleshttp://www.davidpublisher.org/index.php/Home/Article/index?id=31207.html

Boniek¹,

Oliveira²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2017

JESE-B

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Abstract:The present study aims to evaluate the environmental effect on fungal community composition associated with biodeterioration occurring in stones (soapstone) at two distinct locations in Minas Gerais State, Brazil: Congonhas city and Sanctuary of Caraça. Four collections of fungal communities over one year were obtained from both research sites from the soapstone block surfaces exposed for over two decades. The molecular diversity profile of the fungal community at the two localities was obtained by DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis), and the genomes of the most representative population were sequenced. DGGE showed the formation of two clusters with filamentous fungal communities. Sequencing of the most representative bands revealed the presence of fungi associated with the biodeterioration of soapstone. In addition, many of the identified species were associated with photobionts that could generate lichens, indicating that environmental characteristics affect the occurrence of filamentous fungi, which leads to biodeterioration of stones. Authors' study focused on an environmental variation of an extreme habitat for fungi associated with soapstone in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil and identified the presence of interesting rock-inhabiting fungal communities including species related to lichens, which can accelerate the deterioration of stones by the production of organic acids.

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“…The use of stone in the construction of monuments and sculptures has had some consequences over time, like the appearance of patinas [8] such as black films or biofilms [9]. These patinas have been identified in granite substrates [10][11][12], marble [13], all over the world, like Italian stone monuments [14] and historical monuments in Brazil [15][16][17].…”

Section: Biocidal Effect Of Gamma Radiation On the Ecology Of Filamenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocidal Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Ecology of Filamentous Fungal Populations Associated with Stone Deterioration

Boniek¹,

Mendes²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

JESE-A

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This study focused on the identification of the filamentous fungi associated with soapstone samples exposed to outdoor conditions and the biocidal effect of gamma radiations on isolated fungal populations in Minas Gerais State in Brazil. Two soapstone blocks were placed outdoors under tropical environmental conditions for 12 months. A total of 9 filamentous fungal populations were identified on their surfaces, namely Acremomium (cf.) alternatum, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus fumigatus, Calcarisporium (cf.) arbuscula, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium equiseti and Penicillium citrinum. The gamma radiation assay was then carried out as a test of biocidal action by exposing all fungal populations to the ionizing radiation. The results showed that only the C. cladosporioides species was resistant to this biocidal agent, since it was able to increase its population post exposure. Scanning electron microscopy images identified the microbial colonization on the soapstone blocks and the stone elementar composition was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. After treatment, there was no structural and aesthetic alteration in the soapstone samples, and evidencing that gamma radiation can be used as a biocidal agent. However, the resistance of the black fungal population indicates caution in the choice of gamma irradiation as biocidal treatment.

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Cryptogam covers on sepulchral monuments and re-colonization of a marble surface after cleaning

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

Effect of Environmental Factors on Rock-inhabiting Fungal Communities from Brazilian Soapstone Sampleshttp://www.davidpublisher.org/index.php/Home/Article/index?id=31207.html

Biocidal Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Ecology of Filamentous Fungal Populations Associated with Stone Deterioration

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