Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Ogun state, Nigeria

Akinkuotu, Olufemi Ambrose; Fagbemi, Benjamin O.; Otesile, E. B.; Dipeolu, M. A.; Ayinmode, AB

doi:10.4314/sokjvs.v12i2.9

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For instance, in Nigeria, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp. in cattle has been reported as 23.4% and 37.5% after using Kinyoun acid-fast staining and coproantigens methods, respectively [40,41]. Also, another study conducted in Ethiopia which applied both modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and molecular techniques, arrived at a prevalence of 18.6% [33].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…have been established [23,[33][34][35][36][37][38]. For example, in Nigeria, numerous investigations of livestock illnesses with Cryptosporidium have been carried out [39][40][41][42]. On the other hand, few studies have been conducted in Ghana on Cryptosporidium in cattle and other livestock, despite reported prevalence rates of more than 19% [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium species in Kpong and its environs, Ghana

et al. 2023

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Background Cryptosporidium is a ubiquitous enteric protozoan pathogen infecting humans, domestic animals, and wildlife worldwide. It is a waterborne pathogen with recognized zoonotic potential and a definite cause of diarrhea and nutritional disorders in institutional and community settings. One challenge facing the world’s supply of clean drinking water is contamination from feces and soil. It has been established that small quantities of oocysts, the infective stage, can cause human disease. Also, their resistance to chlorination and other water treatment procedures has been demonstrated. Kpong, a community in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality of the Eastern Region of Ghana, is one of the primary sources of water supply to Accra, the capital city of Ghana. Being able to determine the effectiveness of water treatment processes and identifying sources of contamination of this pathogen in our water bodies is thus of public health importance. The study aimed to conduct molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium spp. in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality. Methodology/Principal findings A total of 230 samples, 180 fecal samples from cattle and 50 water samples (tap water and well water) were collected from the following communities: Kpong, Akwernor, Ablotsi, Nuaso, and Atua, all in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality. Samples were screened for Cryptosporidium by microscopy and PCR. The 18S rRNA gene was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the final product was sequenced. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium from the fecal samples was estimated as 10% (18/180) by microscopy, while all 50 water samples were negative. However, PCR gave the prevalence of Cryptosporidium as 47.8% (86/180) for fecal samples and 20% (10/50) for water samples. Based on the 18S rRNA gene, three sequenced samples showed high homology to C. parvum species. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed this as these sequences clustered with C. parvum sequences from other countries. Conclusion/Significance Cryptosporidium parvum was identified as the persistent species in the study communities. This outcome supports the evidence that domesticated animals serve as potential reservoirs of zoonotic transmission of cryptosporidiosis. The persistence of cryptosporidiosis in cattle indicates its presence in the human population. In addition, the presence of Cryptosporidium parvum in the wells makes it alarming and necessary to consider a holistic approach such as One Health Strategies to identify and control cases in humans.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium species in Kpong and its environs, Ghana

et al. 2023

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“…Faecal consistency was not statistically associated with the prevalence of Cryptosporidium species infection in cattle. Similarly, Akinkuotu et al (2014), Fagbemi (2010), andHisamuddin et al (2016) reported no statistical association between faecal consistency and the occurrence of Cryptosporidium species infection in cattle. This observation supports the suggestions of Ayinmode and Fagbemi (2010) and Bjorkman et al (2003) that Cyptosporidium parvum may often be identified in non-diarrheic cattle and that diarrhea in Cryptosporidium species infections may be the result of other enteric pathogens that are usually associated with the infection.…”

Section: Discussion Discussion Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Detection, prevalence, and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection among cattle in Kwara State, Nigeria

2022

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Cryptosporidium species cause high morbidity and sometimes high mortality rates among cattle, resulting in serious economic threats. This present study is aimed at investigating the presence, prevalence, distribution, and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium species infection among cattle in Kwara State, Nigeria. To achieve this, 333 apparently healthy cattle were sampled from abattoirs and different cattle herds over a one-year period. Faecal samples were collected and subjected to the formalin-ethyl acetate (formol-ether) sedimentation technique. Sediments from the formol-ether sedimentation method were used for the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. The Microsoft Excel (2016) spreadsheet and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA) for Windows version 22.0 were used for the data analysis. Of the cattle sampled, 99 were positive for the enteric protozoan (29.73%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 25.07–34.85). There was no distinct pattern in the monthly prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle. Breeds of cattle, physiological status, and seasons were statistically associated with the prevalence of Cryptosporidium species in cattle. There is a need to educate pastoralists on the control and preventive measures of this enteric protozoan to improve the economy of the cattle industry and prevent possible transmission to humans in Kwara State and Nigeria in general.

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“…The reason was not known. More so, other studies reported that the reason why males are more frequently infected than the females cannot be easily deduced without further studies that may provide adequate information(Ibrahim et al, 2007; Maikai et al., 2011;Faleke et al, 2014;Akinkuotu et al, 2014;Laatamna et al, 2018). It was observed in this study, that the infection rate was higher among the animals that were <9 months old compared to those >9 months old.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle from selected commercial farms and nomadic settlements in Yola, Adamawa State

Shallangwa¹,

Maikai²,

Okubanjo³

et al. 2022

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Cryptosporidium species are apicomplexan parasites commonly associated with diarrhoea in both men and animals. They are of public health importance. The study aimed to determine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium species in cattle in the Yola metropolitan area, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Four hundred and sixteen (416) faecal samples were collected from cattle in commercial farms and nomadic settlements and were analyzed using Modified Ziehl Neelsen (MZN) technique. Twenty-seven (27) positive samples were subjected to nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the amplification of a specific fragment of 18S rRNA gene that was used to detect Cryptosporidium spp. Seventy-three (17.5%) out of 416 samples were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts by MZN, and 26 (96.0%) out of 27 isolated oocysts of Cryptosporidium detected by MZN were positive by PCR. Commercial farms had a higher prevalence (19.2%) of Cryptosporidium oocysts than the nomadic settlements (15.9%). Based on risk factors, there was a significant association (P<0.05) between the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and factors such as sex and faecal consistency. At the same time, age, breed, management system, animal source and drinking water source varied insignificantly (P>0.05). This study has shown the occurrence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in the Yola metropolis. There should be an awareness campaign among public health workers on the dangers posed by the organism to humans so that the Government would enforce control and preventive measures.

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Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Ogun state, Nigeria

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium species in Kpong and its environs, Ghana

Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium species in Kpong and its environs, Ghana

Detection, prevalence, and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection among cattle in Kwara State, Nigeria

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle from selected commercial farms and nomadic settlements in Yola, Adamawa State

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