Cryptosporidium oocysts on fresh produce from areas of high livestock production in Poland

Rzeżutka, Artur; Nichols, R.A.B.; Connelly, Lisa; Kaupke, Agnieszka; Kozyra, Iwona; Cook, Nigel; Birrell, S.; Smith, H. V.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.01.027

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Fresh vegetables and soft fruit have been investigated using IMS and molecular methods [87]. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found on 6 of 128 vegetables, and C. parvum was identified by subtyping (gp60) from celery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016

et al. 2018

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IntroductionThis paper reviews the current knowledge and understanding of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in humans, animals and the environment in 10 countries in the eastern part of Europe: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia. Methods: Published scientific papers and conference proceedings from the international and local literature, official national health service reports, national databases and doctoral theses in local languages were reviewed to provide an extensive overview on the epidemiology, diagnostics and research on these pathogens, as well as analyse knowledge gaps and areas for further research. Results: Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. were found to be common in eastern Europe, but the results from different countries are difficult to compare because of variations in reporting practices and detection methodologies used. Conclusion: Upgrading and making the diagnosis/detection procedures more uniform is recommended throughout the region. Public health authorities should actively work towards increasing reporting and standardising reporting practices as these prerequisites for the reported data to be valid and therefore necessary for appropriate control plans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cryptosporidium oocysts were found on 6 of 128 vegetables, and C. parvum was identified by subtyping (gp60) from celery. The authors speculated that the presence of Cryptosporidium on vegetables could be associated with products originating from regions with considerable livestock production [87]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016

et al. 2018

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“…In this case, the concerns include that the recovery efficiencies achieved by Cook et al (2006aCook et al ( , 2007 were not duplicated in independent or semiindependent studies (e.g. Amoros, Alonso, & Cuesta, 2010;Rzezutka et al, 2010); even in the validation studies in which 'expert' labs participated, although recovery efficiencies for Cryptosporidium from raspberries were similar to those of the developing lab, the recovery efficiencies of Cryptosporidium from lettuce were significantly lower (Cook et al, 2006b) and also misidentification of oocysts was a problem, despite the participating labs being described as 'expert'. Furthermore, the Standard ISO Method 18744 is for both Cryptosporidium and Giardia, but the publications on which the Standard Method are largely based (Cook et al, 2006a(Cook et al, , 2006b, only address Cryptosporidium parvum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reduced-cost approach for analyzing fresh produce for contamination with Cryptosporidium oocysts and/or Giardia cysts

Utaaker

Huang

Robertson

2015

Food Research International

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“…In other studies, Cryptosporidium was detected in samples of the water used by apple cider producers for washing apples (21), and Tram et al (47) detected Cyclospora in " sprinkling water" used to keep produce fresh in markets. Contamination of produce by livestock, either through direct access or through the application of manure to crop lands, has also been proposed (14,35,43). Other possible sources of contamination of vegetables with intestinal parasites include insects and rodents, other wildlife, market vendors, and even contam inated money handled by food workers (14,24,45,46).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Cyclospora, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia in Ready-to-Eat Packaged Leafy Greens in Ontario, Canada

Dixon

Parrington

Cook

et al. 2013

Journal of Food Protection

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Numerous foodborne outbreaks of diarrheal illness associated with the consumption of produce contaminated with protozoan parasites have been reported in North America in recent years. The present study reports on the presence of Cyclospora, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia in precut salads and leafy greens purchased at retail in Ontario, Canada. A total of 544 retail samples were collected between April 2009 and March 2010 and included a variety of salad blends and individual leafy greens. Most of these products were grown in the United States, with some from Canada and Mexico. Parasites were eluted and concentrated before detection by PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy. DNA sequences were aligned with reference sequences in GenBank. Cyclospora spp. were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in nine (1.7 % ) samples and by DNA sequence analysis. Cryptosporidium spp. were identified in 32 (5.9%) samples; 29 were sequenced and aligned with the zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum. Giardia duodenalis was identified in 10 (1.8%) samples, and of the 9 samples successfully sequenced, 7 aligned with G. duodenalis assemblage B and 2 with assemblage A, both of which are also zoonotic. The presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts was confirmed in some of the PCR-positive samples using microscopy, while Cyclospora -like oocysts were observed in most of the Cyclospora PCR-positive samples. The relatively high prevalence of these parasites in packaged salads and leafy greens establishes a baseline for further studies and suggests a need for additional research with respect to the possible sources of contamination of these foods, the determination of parasite viability and virulence, and means to reduce foodborne transmission to humans.

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Cryptosporidium oocysts on fresh produce from areas of high livestock production in Poland

Cited by 51 publications

References 35 publications

Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016

Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016

A reduced-cost approach for analyzing fresh produce for contamination with Cryptosporidium oocysts and/or Giardia cysts

Detection of Cyclospora, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia in Ready-to-Eat Packaged Leafy Greens in Ontario, Canada

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