Crystal and molecular structure of 1-bromogermatrane

Gurkova, S. N.; Gusev, A. I.; Алексеев, Н. В.; Segel'man, I. R.; Gar, T. K.; Khromova, N. Yu.

doi:10.1007/bf00747386

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…13, left) where the C-Ge···N separation is as short as 223.6 pm (Nc = 0.61). 5-Bromogermatrane (refcode BUWCUR) [85] behaves similarly (Fig. 13, middle), and the Br-Ge···N separation is even shorter (208.4 pm, Nc = 0.57) than in BUWBUQ, consistent with the fact that bromine is more electronegative than carbon and the σ-hole opposite the Br-Ge covalent bond is probably more positive than that opposite the C-Ge bond.…”

Section: Nitrogen Atoms As Tb Acceptorsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Close contacts involving germanium and tin in crystal structures: experimental evidence of tetrel bonds

et al. 2018

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Modeling indicates the presence of a region of low electronic density (a Bσ-hole^) on group 14 elements, and this offers an explanation for the ability of these elements to act as electrophilic sites and to form attractive interactions with nucleophiles. While many papers have described theoretical investigations of interactions involving carbon and silicon, such investigations of the heavier group 14 elements are relatively scarce. The purpose of this review is to rectify, to some extent, the current lack of experimental data on interactions formed by germanium and tin with nucleophiles. A survey of crystal structures in the Cambridge Structural Database is reported. This survey reveals that close contacts between Ge or Sn and lone-pair-possessing atoms are quite common, they can be either intra-or intermolecular contacts, and they are usually oriented along the extension of the covalent bond formed by the tetrel with the most electron-withdrawing substituent. Several examples are discussed in which germanium and tin atoms bear four carbon residues or in which halogen, oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen substituents replace one, two, or three of those carbon residues. These close contacts are assumed to be the result of attractive interactions between the involved atoms and afford experimental evidence of the ability of germanium and tin to act as electrophilic sites, namely tetrel bond (TB) donors. This ability can govern the conformations and the packing of organic derivatives in the solid state. TBs can therefore be considered a promising and robust tool for crystal engineering.

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Section: Nitrogen Atoms As Tb Acceptorsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Close contacts involving germanium and tin in crystal structures: experimental evidence of tetrel bonds

et al. 2018

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“…Another one [22] contains two types of isomerism, distortion and configuration. Remainders [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] contain two crystallographic independent molecules differ mostly by degree of distortion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Germanium exists in an oxidation states + 1, + 2 and + 4, including non-integral Ge 9 3-. Of these + 4 oxidation state is the most common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In additional -contains two crystallographically independent molecules. There are six derivatives [5-8, 11, 18, 20] which are monoclinic, six [15,17,21,22] are triclinic, three [9,10,16] are orthorhombic and one [9] is cubic. Colourless (NMe 4 ) [GeCl 3 ] at 424 K is cubic [12] is orthorhombic at 293 K and 190 K [12][13][14] and is monoclinic at 160 K [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In three of them, each Ge(IV) atom has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry and all but one of these exhibit a high degree of distortion due to the incorporation a tetradentate groups [8,9] and terdentate group [10], which span the equatorial and axial position. In A six coordinate environment around Ge(IV) in red violet Ge( 4 -tpp)(EtO) 2 [11] is created by one tetradentate tpp and two unidenate EtO ligands (GeN 4 O 2 ).…”

Section: Mononuclear Germanium Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isomers in the Chemistry of Germanium Coordination Compounds

Melnı́k¹,

Garaj²

2008

TOICJ

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Abstract:The coordination chemistry of germanium covers quite bulk fields, as shown by a survey covering the crystallographic and structural data of over two hundred examples. About ten percent of those complexes exist as distortion isomers and are summarised. These are discussed in terms of the coordination around the germanium(I), germanium(II) and germanium(IV) atoms, and correlations are drawn between donor atoms, bond distances and interbond angles. Distortion isomers differing only by degree of distortion in Ge -L and L -Ge -L angles by far prevail. There is an example, which contains within one crystal distortion and coordination isomers, which is rarity.

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Germanium Coordination Compounds: Classification and Analysis of Crystallographic and Structural Data

Holloway¹,

Melnı́k²

2001

Main Group Metal Chemistry

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This review covers the ciystallographic and structural data for almost two hundred coordination compounds of germanium. In the majority the oxidation number of germanium is +4, with about one quarter being +2. Up to ten Ge atoms are found in anionic clusters. Coordination numbers from four to six with geometries of letrahedral. trigonal bipyramidal, square pyramidal, octahedral and pseudo-octahedral for the Ge(IV) derivatives, and two to four with geometries governed by a lone pair of electrons. The most common donor atoms are Ν and O. Distortion or configurational isomerism is reported in about 10% of the derivatives. Relationships between ligands. bond distances and bond angles are discussed in terms of steric and electronic influences. CONTENTS 0.ABBREVIATIONS 1.

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Crystal and molecular structure of 1-bromogermatrane

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Close contacts involving germanium and tin in crystal structures: experimental evidence of tetrel bonds

Close contacts involving germanium and tin in crystal structures: experimental evidence of tetrel bonds

Isomers in the Chemistry of Germanium Coordination Compounds

Germanium Coordination Compounds: Classification and Analysis of Crystallographic and Structural Data

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