Crystal-field analysis of Er3+ ions in yttrium aluminium borate (YAB) single crystals

Energy levels and crystal-field analysis of Tm3+ in YAl3(BO3)4 crystals

“…[20]. The starting values of the free-ion parameters have been estimated by fitting the barycentres of the absorption manifolds, those of the CFPs have been calculated by averaging over the values reported for the Dy 3 þ , Er 3 þ and Yb 3 þ in YAB [16,20,21]. All parameters have then been allowed to vary freely in order to minimize the difference between the experimental and the theoretical Stark energy levels.…”

Crystal field and Zeeman parameters of substitutional Yb3+ ion in GaN

“…The details of the fitting procedure were described previously [16,17]. For the initial CF parameters, we have used the lattice-sum and crystal-field splitting models, assuming that implanted Yb 3+ ions replace substitutionally Ga 3+ ions on cationic sites in the GaN host, having C3 v point group symmetry.…”

“…Because of that, strong support from experimental investigations was required to achieve meaningful results when exercising theoretical modeling, as it was demonstrated in the past [16,18,28]. According to the available theoretical models, there is a common consensus that the most stable site for the RE 3+ ion in a GaN host is a Ga substitutional site.…”

Theoretical investigations of the optical spectra and EPR parameters for Yb3+ ions in GaN epilayer

“…The B q k crystal field (CF) and ζ spin-orbit parameters are regarded as empirical parameters. The fitting procedure was described in our previous papers [28,29].…”