Crystal formation of Cu-Mn-containing oxides and oxyborates in bismuth-boron fluxes diluted by MoO3 and Na2CO3

Abstract

The high-temperature crystallizing phases of fluxes (molten solutions) based

Multicomponent flux growth and composition control of Cu2MnBO5:Ga ludwigites

“…The authors suppose that after the flux has been mixed, the copper valence state 2+ is restored via the formation of an intermediate chemical bond of CuMoO 4 . 17 The crystal formation in the prepared fluxes was estimated, and the sequence of high-temperature crystallizing phases was studied. The fluxes were investigated in a wide temperature range.…”

“…11 Bi 2 Mo 3 O 12 -based fluxes are characterized by low viscosity and low melting temperature, and they are successfully used for the crystal growth of many compounds. 17 This solvent type is used to grow numerous ludwigites, including Cu-containing ones. 14,17 It has relatively low saturation temperature, low timedependence due to its low viscosity, and no composition impurity due to the substitution with the solvent components.…”

“…17 This solvent type is used to grow numerous ludwigites, including Cu-containing ones. 14,17 It has relatively low saturation temperature, low timedependence due to its low viscosity, and no composition impurity due to the substitution with the solvent components. However, there are some features in dealing with Bi 2 Mo 3 O 12based systems to achieve the crystallization of the desirable ludwigite phase.…”

“…This can indicate a lack of Na 2 O for changing the HTCP of Mn 2+ MoO 4 in the case of using the initial borax in ref. 17.…”

“…However, no direct proof of such a type of chemical bond was found. 17 The second assumption is the formation of the intermediate chemical bonds of Na 2 MoO 4 at the homogenization temperature. Thus, the "binding" and "fixing" of manganese in the bivalent state by molybdenum do not occur.…”