Crystal growth of pure and lead doped barium-lithium fluoride

Baldochi, S.L.; Gesland, J.Y.

doi:10.1016/0025-5408(92)90185-3

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The actual concentrations of Pb 2+ ions in these crystals were found from the ratio of Pb to Ba x-ray induced luminescence intensities to be 0.03 and 0.35 at.%, respectively. These results confirm the segregation of Pb 2+ dopant ions during the crystal growth reported in [21].…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Lead fluoride, PbF 2 , was used to activate the crystals with Pb 2+ ions. The Ar atmosphere was fluorinated by the gaseous products of Teflon pyrolysis in order to prevent the reduction of the dopant PbF 2 [21] and to avoid the formation of centres containing O 2− or OH − ions. In the current study crystals with concentration of PbF 2 in the initial melt of 0.15 and 2 at.% were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical studies of Pb²⁺ions in a LiBaF₃crystal

Aminov¹,

Nikitin²,

Silkin³

et al. 2006

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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The absorption and luminescence spectra of a LiBaF 3 :Pb 2+ crystal are studied in the temperature range 10-300 K. At 300 K a structureless absorption band (A band) is found in the energy range 1.4-6.6 eV. The luminescence spectra at 300 and 10 K are composed of two A and A 1 bands with maxima at ∼5.0 and ∼4.0 eV, respectively. The A band originates from the 'regular' Pb 2+ centres. The A band luminescence decay is single-exponential in the whole temperature range 10-300 K. The properties of the observed absorption and A luminescence bands are described well within the semiclassical theory based on the Franck-Condon principle and the Jahn-Teller effect in the excited sp configuration. The possible nature of the A 1 band luminescence is discussed.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical studies of Pb²⁺ions in a LiBaF₃crystal

Aminov¹,

Nikitin²,

Silkin³

et al. 2006

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…Although CF 4 gas is stable at room temperature, it can react with moisture at elevated temperatures. 10) When powder raw materials were melted, sometimes a black scum was observed floating on the melt surface. Once this scum appeared, crystal growth was suspended.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Characterization of KMgF₃ Single Crystals by the Czochralski Technique under CF₄ Atmosphere

Shimamura

Fujita

Sato

et al. 2000

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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KMgF 3 (KMF) single crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique as a new candidate of vacuum-ultra-violet optical materials. The absorption edge of KMF single crystals was 115 nm. The distribution of birefringence in the radial direction was of the order of 10 −7 . The thermal expansion coefficient of KMF single crystals along the 111 orientation was 1.98×10 −5 K −1 . Together with its excellent mechanical properties, these characteristics show KMF to be superior to the current materials.

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“…Small amounts of PbF 2 greatly reduce the radiation hardness of pure BaF 2 and some absorption bands from UV to near IR appear due the presence of Pb + , Pb 3+ , and Pb 0 ions after γ‐irradiation . The distribution coefficient of Pb in BaLiF 3 was determined by X‐ray fluorescence analysis by Baldochi . They measured the Pb concentration along the length of three crystals grown from 0.1 to 1 mol% PbF 2 doped melts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] The distribution coefficient of Pb in BaLiF 3 was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis by Baldochi. [10] They measured the Pb concentration along the length of three crystals grown from 0.1 to 1 mol% PbF 2 doped melts. The estimated distribution coefficient of Pb in BaLiF 3 was 0.05, which means that dopant diffusion has a tendency to be away from the growing crystal resulting in a small incorporation of Pb in the crystal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Yb³⁺ and Yb²⁺ Ions along YbF₃‐Doped BaF₂ Crystals

Stef¹,

Nicoarǎ²,

Vizman³

2018

Crystal Research and Technology

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BaF2 crystals doped with 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mol% YbF3 are grown using vertical Bridgman method. Transparent crystals, ≈5–6 cm in length, ≈10 mm in diameter, are obtained in vacuum using a shaped graphite furnace. The absorption spectra reveal the characteristic absorption bands of the Yb3+and Yb2+ ions in the as‐grown crystals. The distribution of ytterbium ions along the crystals and the effective segregation coefficient of the Yb3+ and Yb2+ ions in the BaF2 host are determined by using the optical absorption method. The crystals are cleaved from the bottom to the top into 10–17 slices of ≈2 mm thickness. The optical absorption spectrum of every slice is recorded. The dopant distribution along the crystal is estimated studying the absorption spectrum of every slice. Two well‐shaped and strong characteristic bands, 968 nm and 352 nm, respectively, are chosen. The Yb3+ and Yb2+ ions are not uniformly distributed along the BaF2 crystals. The calculated effective segregation coefficients of the Yb3+ range from 0.7 to 0.84 and from 0.66 to 0.82 for Yb2+ ions.

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Crystal growth of pure and lead doped barium-lithium fluoride

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Optical studies of Pb²⁺ions in a LiBaF₃crystal

Optical studies of Pb²⁺ions in a LiBaF₃crystal

Growth and Characterization of KMgF₃ Single Crystals by the Czochralski Technique under CF₄ Atmosphere

Distribution of Yb³⁺ and Yb²⁺ Ions along YbF₃‐Doped BaF₂ Crystals

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Crystal growth of pure and lead doped barium-lithium fluoride

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Optical studies of Pb2+ions in a LiBaF3crystal

Optical studies of Pb2+ions in a LiBaF3crystal

Growth and Characterization of KMgF3 Single Crystals by the Czochralski Technique under CF4 Atmosphere

Distribution of Yb3+ and Yb2+ Ions along YbF3‐Doped BaF2 Crystals

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Optical studies of Pb²⁺ions in a LiBaF₃crystal

Optical studies of Pb²⁺ions in a LiBaF₃crystal

Growth and Characterization of KMgF₃ Single Crystals by the Czochralski Technique under CF₄ Atmosphere

Distribution of Yb³⁺ and Yb²⁺ Ions along YbF₃‐Doped BaF₂ Crystals