Crystal structure and equation of state of Fe-Si alloys at super-Earth core conditions

Wicks, J. K.; Smith, R. F.; Fratanduono, D. E.; Coppari, F.; Kraus, R. G.; Newman, M.; Rygg, J. R.; Eggert, J. H.; Duffy, Thomas S.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao5864

Cited by 72 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…For example, thermoelastic properties of an iron core are studied by ab initio calculations up to the highest pressures expected in exoplanets [e.g. 50,170] and by laboratory experiments up to 1.4 TPa [171,172]. Also rocky materials of different compositions are being studied, for example for carbon-rich planets [e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exoplanet interiors and habitability

Hoolst

Noack

Rivoldini

2019

Advances in Physics: X

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More than 1000 exoplanets with a radius smaller than twice that of the Earth are currently known, mainly thanks to space missions dedicated to the search of exoplanets. Mass and radius estimates, which are only available for a fraction (, 10%) of the exoplanets, provide an indication of the bulk composition and interior structure and show that the diversity in exoplanets is far greater than in the Solar System. Geophysical studies of the interior of exoplanets are key to understanding their formation and evolution, and are also crucial for assessing their potential habitability since interior processes play an essential role in creating and maintaining conditions for water to exist at the surface or in subsurface layers. For lack of detailed observations, investigations of the interior of exoplanets are guided by the more refined knowledge already acquired about the Solar System planets and moons, and are heavily based on theoretical modelling and on studies of the behaviour of materials under the high pressure and temperature conditions in planets. Here we review the physical principles and methods used in modelling the interior and evolution of exoplanets with a rock or water/ice surface layer and identify possible habitats in or on exoplanets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exoplanet interiors and habitability

Hoolst

Noack

Rivoldini

2019

Advances in Physics: X

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“…A significantly cooler compression path is generated in ramp compression experiments which access pressure-density close to the material's isentrope. In ramp experiments the solid state can be maintained to high pressure (Wicks et al, 2018) although the exact pressure-temperature path is not directly constrained in these experiments.…”

Section: Dynamic Compression Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the limitations of available X-ray sources, such studies were primarily restricted to examination of single crystals at relatively low pressure. The application of brighter X-rays sources including laser-plasma sources (i.e., X-ray emission by highly ionized atoms produced by laser-matter interactions) (Wark et al, 1987(Wark et al, , 1989, synchrotrons (Gupta et al, 2012), and free-electron lasers (Milathianaki et al, 2013) to dynamically compressed materials has now made it possible to extend such studies to terapascal pressures (Wang et al, 2016;Polsin et al, 2018;Wicks et al, 2018).…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X-ray diffraction can be carried out with a multi-beam laser source in which lasers are used to generate both the dynamically compressed state and the X-ray pulse that probes it. The development of such a system at the Omega laser (Rygg et al, 2012) has enabled a number of studies of geological materials and their analogs at ultra-high pressure (Coppari et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015Wang et al, , 2016Wicks et al, 2018). A quasi-monochromatic X-ray source is produced by irradiation of a metallic foil (e.g., Fe, Cu, or Ge) with a short-duration (∼1 ns), high-intensity (∼10 14 -10 16 W/cm 2 ) laser pulse.…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra-High Pressure Dynamic Compression of Geological Materials

Duffy¹,

Smith

2019

Front. Earth Sci.

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Dynamic-compression experiments on geological materials are important for understanding the composition and physical state of the deep interior of the Earth and other planets. These experiments also provide insights into impact processes relevant to planetary formation and evolution. Recently, new techniques for dynamic compression using high-powered lasers and pulsed-power systems have been developed. These methods allow for compression on timescales ranging from nanoseconds to microseconds and can often achieve substantially higher pressure than earlier gas-gun-based loading techniques. The capability to produce shockless (i.e., ramp) compression provides access to new regimes of pressure-temperature space and new diagnostics allow for a more detailed understanding of the structure and physical properties of materials under dynamic loading. This review summarizes these recent advances, focusing on results for geological materials at ultra-high pressures above 200 GPa. Implications for the structure and dynamics of planetary interiors are discussed.

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“…Этот вывод еще раз был экспериментально подтвержден стабильностью двухфазной Fe-силицидной системы при давлении 1314 ГПа. Такое огромное давление возможно в центре экзопланеты с массой, в 3 раза превышающей массу Земли (Wicks et al, 2018).…”

Section: полиморфные модификацииunclassified

Iron and its compounds in the earth’s core: new data and ideas

Pushcharovsky

2019

Геохимия

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Iron-the most abundant chemical element in the Earth’s core, which it is more than 85% by weight. The remaining ~15% weight of the nucleus is accounted for Ni, and some lighter elements: Si, C, S, O, and H. New data of the transformations of iron and its compounds under the influence of high temperature and pressure, which modeling conditions in the Earth’s core, are analyzed. Structural types of mineralogically possible polymorphic modifications of iron and its compounds in deep geospheres in the Earth’s core are considered. New data about changes in the electronic structure of iron atoms at high pressure are presented. Scientific ideas were expanded and new ideas were put forward about the forms of concentration of chemical elements at ultra-high temperature and pressure. It is concluded that modern views on the specific features and properties of the Earth’s mantle and core are based not only on the results of geological and geophysical methods, but are clarified using micro-mineralogical and crystallographic approaches.

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Crystal structure and equation of state of Fe-Si alloys at super-Earth core conditions

Abstract: This is the first direct determination of Fe-Si alloy structures at pressures found in the cores of super-Earth planets.

Cited by 72 publications

References 59 publications

Exoplanet interiors and habitability

Exoplanet interiors and habitability

Ultra-High Pressure Dynamic Compression of Geological Materials

Iron and its compounds in the earth’s core: new data and ideas

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