The metal-ion-complexing properties of the tetradentate ligand 2,2′-bi-1,10-phenanthroline (BIPHEN) in 50% CH 3 OH/H 2 O are reported for a variety of metal ions. BIPHEN (with two reinforcing benzo groups in the backbone) was compared to other tetrapyridyls, 2,9-di(pyrid-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (DPP; with one benzo group) and 2,2′:6′,2″:6″,2‴-quaterpyridine (QPY; with no benzo groups), with levels of preorganization BIPHEN > DPP > QPY. Formation constants were determined by following the variation of the intense π → π* transitions in the absorbance spectra of BIPHEN in the presence of metal ion as a function of the pH. The log K 1 values show that the increased level of preorganization produced by the two benzo groups, reinforcing the backbone of the BIPHEN ligand, leads to increased complex stability with large metal ions (an ionic radius greater than 0.9 Å) compared to the less preorganized tetrapyridines DPP and QPY. In particular, the large Cd II ion [log K 1 (BIPHEN) = 12.7] shows unusual selectivity over the small Zn II ion [log K 1 (BIPHEN) = 7.78]. The order of levels of preorganization BIPHEN > DPP > QPY leads to enhanced selectivity for Sm III over Gd III with increased preorganization, which is of interest in relation to separating Am III from Gd III in the treatment of radioactive waste. Am III is very close in ionic radius to Sm III , so that the size-based selectivity produced by the enhanced preorganization of BIPHEN should translate into enhanced Am III /Gd III selectivity. The chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effect in BIPHEN complexes is discussed. The CHEF effect in the Zn II complex is somewhat smaller than that for Cd II , which is discussed in terms of decreased overlap in the Zn−N bonds formed by the too small Zn II , leading to a partial photoinduced-electron-transfer quenching of fluorescence. The structure of the complex [Cd(BIPHEN) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 is reported and shows that the Cd−N bonds are largely normal for the unusual 8-coordination observed, except that steric clashes between the terminal pyridyl groups of each of the BIPHEN ligands, and the rest of the orthogonal BIPHEN ligand, lead to some stretching of the outer Cd−N bonds.