Crystal structure of the acyl acid amido synthetase GH3-8 from Oryza sativa

Xu, Guolyu; Zhang, Yukun; Li, Mingyang; Jiao, Xi; Zhou, Le; Ming, Zhenhua

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.098

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nucleotide-binding sites contain three conserved motifs; motifs are found close to the active site and play a key role in efficient catalysis. The overall architecture of the CcGH3 structures predicted in this study was similar to the OsGH3-8 structure reported recently [ 47 ]. This study also reported the identification of a conserved region that could function in nucleotide binding through three motifs in three plant species: O. sativa , A. thaliana , and V. vinifera [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…It is suggested that Asp/Glu are the possible amino acid substrates for most of these CcGH3 proteins. The results showed were determined using the crystallographic data previously reported in AtGH3.5, VvGH3.1, and OsGH3.8 [ 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little is known about the kinetic and chemical mechanisms of the GH3 enzymes. It has been reported that GH3 functions as an IAA–amido synthetase [ 57 ], which catalyzes the ATP-dependent formation of IAA–amino acid conjugates [ 47 ]. In conjugation reactions by the GH3 family, ATP binds first, followed by IAA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the formation of adenylated IAA (acyl-AMP) intermediate results in the release of pyrophosphate. Subsequently, the activated acyl-AMP intermediate undergoes a nucleophilic attack from the amino acid to yield IAA–amino acid conjugate, releasing AMP [ 45 , 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Analysis, Modeling, and Identification of Amino Acid Binding Motifs Suggest the Involvement of GH3 Genes during Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffea canephora

Méndez-Hernández

Quintana-Escobar

Uc-Chuc

et al. 2021

Plants

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Auxin plays a central role in growth and plant development. To maintain auxin homeostasis, biological processes such as biosynthesis, transport, degradation, and reversible conjugation are essential. The Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) family genes codify for the enzymes that esterify indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to various amino acids, which is a key process in the induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE). The GH3 family is one of the principal families of early response to auxin genes, exhibiting IAA-amido synthetase activity to maintain optimal levels of free auxin in the cell. In this study, we carried out a systematic identification of the GH3 gene family in the genome of Coffea canephora, determining a total of 18 CcGH3 genes. Analysis of the genetic structures and phylogenetic relationships of CcGH3 genes with GH3 genes from other plant species revealed that they could be clustered in two major categories with groups 1 and 2 of the GH3 family of Arabidopsis. We analyzed the transcriptome expression profiles of the 18 CcGH3 genes using RNA-Seq analysis-based data and qRT-PCR during the different points of somatic embryogenesis induction. Furthermore, the endogenous quantification of free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) suggests that the various members of the CcGH3 genes play a crucial role during the embryogenic process of C. canephora. Three-dimensional modeling of the selected CcGH3 proteins showed that they consist of two domains: an extensive N-terminal domain and a smaller C-terminal domain. All proteins analyzed in the present study shared a unique conserved structural topology. Additionally, we identified conserved regions that could function to bind nucleotides and specific amino acids for the conjugation of IAA during SE in C. canephora. These results provide a better understanding of the C. canephora GH3 gene family for further exploration and possible genetic manipulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Analysis, Modeling, and Identification of Amino Acid Binding Motifs Suggest the Involvement of GH3 Genes during Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffea canephora

Méndez-Hernández

Quintana-Escobar

Uc-Chuc

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The inhibition data, along with the kinetic mechanism of the GH3, indicates that KKI binds to IAA binding site of the GH3•ATP complex leading to formation of the ternary stable complex (Westfall et al 2016;Xu et al 2021). Thus, the GH3•ATP•KKI complex would inhibit synthesis of IAA-amino acid conjugates.…”

Section: Inhibitory Activities Of Kki On Recombinant Gh3 Enzymes In Vitromentioning

confidence: 94%

Chemical inhibition of auxin inactivation pathway uncovers the metabolic turnover of auxin homeostasis

Fukui

Arai

Tanaka

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The phytohormone auxin, specifically indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays a prominent role in plant development. Cellular auxin concentration is coordinately regulated by auxin synthesis, transport, and inactivation to maintain auxin homeostasis; however, the physiological contribution of auxin inactivation to auxin homeostasis has remained elusive. The GH3 genes encode auxin amino acid conjugating enzymes that perform a central role in auxin inactivation. The chemical inhibition of GH3s in planta is challenging because the inhibition of GH3 enzymes leads to IAA overaccumulation that rapidly induces GH3 expression. Here, we developed a potent GH3 inhibitor, designated as kakeimide (KKI), that selectively targets auxin-conjugating GH3s. Chemical knockdown of the auxin inactivation pathway demonstrates that auxin turnover is very rapid (about 10 min), indicating auxin biosynthesis and inactivation dynamically regulate auxin homeostasis.

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Connecting primary and specialized metabolism: Amino acid conjugation of phytohormones by GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) acyl acid amido synthetases

Jez

2022

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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Crystal structure of the acyl acid amido synthetase GH3-8 from Oryza sativa

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Genome-Wide Analysis, Modeling, and Identification of Amino Acid Binding Motifs Suggest the Involvement of GH3 Genes during Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffea canephora

Genome-Wide Analysis, Modeling, and Identification of Amino Acid Binding Motifs Suggest the Involvement of GH3 Genes during Somatic Embryogenesis of Coffea canephora

Chemical inhibition of auxin inactivation pathway uncovers the metabolic turnover of auxin homeostasis

Connecting primary and specialized metabolism: Amino acid conjugation of phytohormones by GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) acyl acid amido synthetases

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