Crystal Structures and Thermal Properties of Bamboo Nanofiber Reinforced-Composite Friction Materials of Glass and Metal Wastes

Abstract

In Indonesia, a lot of wastes of glasses and metals have potency to be one of brake raw materials. For example, little bottles of used food packages are usually directly thrown into environment. The scraps of metal machining wastes are usually collected to be manufactured into other products. In this research, both wastes are used as fillers for brake friction materials, the effects of them on the thermal properties are studied in details. The glass wastes are crushed, grinded and filtered to simplify the mixing process with other raw materials when the fabrication of brake fiction materials done. During fabrication, samples are cured at 190°C for 3 hours. The samples are characterized using x-ray diffractometer and thermogravimetric analysis. Based on these characterizations, the increase of glass powders content plays role in increasing the percentage of crystalllinities. This is suspected the glass used as ingredient of friction material has crystalline structure. The glass waste quantity does not influence significantly on the thermal properties. During heating up to 1200°C, the mass loss occurs due to epoxy, bamboo fiber and styrene butadiene rubber decompose. The optimum composition is found at sample B2, a sample with lowest total mass loss (2 mg).

The Carbon of Swietenia Machrophylla Fruit Peel and Coal Fly Ash as Bio-Composite Brake Ingredients

“…The usage of wastes such as metals, glasses, and organic materials to fabricate brake friction material has been developed by the material society around the world (Sutikno et al, 2013). Coal fly ash is a result of the industry which is using coal as a fuel for energy-generating such as electricity, metallurgy, cement, and ceramic industries.…”