Crystalline structure of polypropylene in blends with thermoplastic elastomers after electron beam irradiation

Steller, Ryszard; Zuchowska, Danuta; Meissner, W.; Paukszta, Dominik; Garbarczyk, J.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.05.018

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The most widely used plastic is polypropylene (PP). Various rubbers were blended with PP to prepare TPEs such as ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM),2 styrenic block copolymer,2, 3 ethylene propylene rubber (EPR),3 rubber waste from ground tread layers of truck tires4 and natural rubber 5–9. Natural rubber (NR) has been used to blend with polyethylene to prepare TPEs 10–12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene/natural rubber thermoplastic elastomer: Effect of phenolic resin as a vulcanizing agent on mechanical properties and morphology

Tanrattanakul

Kosonmetee

Laokijcharoen

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The aim of this study is to characterize thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) from polypropylene and natural rubber with and without phenolic resin as a vulcanizing agent. The blends containing 40-60 wt % of polypropylene were mixed in an internal mixer and pressed with a compression molding machine. TPEs without rubber vulcanization, named as unvulcanized thermoplastic natural rubber (uTPNR) were compared to TPEs containing dynamic vulcanized rubber, referred as vulcanized thermoplastic natural rubber (vTPNR). The uTPNRs illustrated cocontinuous phase morphology, whereas the vTPNRs displayed dispersed phase of vulcanized natural rubber. Tensile properties, tear strength, thermal ageing resistance, ozone resistance, tension set, hardness and swelling test in toluene, IRM 903 oil and engine oil were carried out according to ASTM. It was found that tensile and tear strength, hardness and tension set of the uTPNRs increased with increasing polypropylene content. Dynamic vulcanization improved tensile strength, elongation at break, tension set and degree of swelling of the TPEs, whereas hardness and tear strength did not show significant change after dynamic vulcanization. The vTPNRs exhibited higher ozone resistance and swelling resistance than the uTPNRs. Reprocessability of the vTPNRs was investigated and showed that tensile strength decreased at 20 and 30% and elongation at break decreased at 13 and 27% for the first and the third reprocessing respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypropylene/natural rubber thermoplastic elastomer: Effect of phenolic resin as a vulcanizing agent on mechanical properties and morphology

Tanrattanakul

Kosonmetee

Laokijcharoen

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The increase in the number of the structural defects in the crystalline PP with dose is suggested to be caused by irradiation, which may also intensify the interaction between PP and DR phases. The disappearance of the b-form, the a-form, and the larger 2u shifts is a direct result of irradiation [21].…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The absorption peak at 2,725 cm 21 could be assigned to PP skeleton characteristics, the peak at 1,456 cm 21 to the asymmetry stretching vibration of CH 3 , the peak at 1,376 cm 21 to the symmetry bending vibration of CH 3 Figure 2 represents irradiated composites of DR/PP/ EPDM at different doses. Bands within the 3,451-to 3,000-cm 21 region demonstrate the accumulation of the formulated oxygenated products containing carbonyl and hydroxyl moieties, resulted from the irradiation of the terpolymer components [10]. By further increasing the dose, the developed oxygenated products produce free radicals, (CO) and (OH), which react with the terpolymer phase, and hence, a reduction in their broad band intensity was observed.…”

Section: Fourier-transform Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By further increasing the dose, the developed oxygenated products produce free radicals, (CO) and (OH), which react with the terpolymer phase, and hence, a reduction in their broad band intensity was observed. At the EPDM band at 875 cm 21 , attributed to an unsaturated structure, a large amount of this structure depletes during irradiation [11].…”

Section: Fourier-transform Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous "reprints" of spherical elastomer particles along with loose individual particles are visible. It can be treated as a sign of relatively poor adhesion between components [21].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Physical properties of irradiated thermoplastic elastomeric olefins based on (devulcanized rubber)/(high crystalline polypropylene) formulations

Hassan

Badway

Elnaggar

et al. 2014

Vinyl Additive Technology

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This work aims to produce thermoplastic elastomeric olefins based on devulcanized waste rubber (DR) and polypropylene (PP) compatibilized with poly(ethylenepropylene-diene monomer) (EPDM). The coupling of DR/PP in varying proportions with EPDM was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. A comparative study was established to evaluate the influence of EPDM content and radiation dose on the physical, mechanical, and thermal performance of DR/ PP/EPDM composites. It was found that the synergism of EPDM incorporation and irradiation conditions up to 100 kGy remarkably decreased the PP T m value, indicating a promotion in the PP and radiation sensitivity.

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Modification Induced in Makrofol BL 2‐4 Polycarbonate due to Electron Beam Irradiation

et al. 2015

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Makrofol BL 2-4 is an extrusion film based on Makrolon polycarbonate. It is different from Makrofol DE as it comprises excellent die-cutting performance combined with high light transmission and moderate light scattering properties. It is a polymeric solid-state nuclear track detector, which has many applications in various radiation detection fields. Samples from Makrofol BL sheets were irradiated using different electron beam doses ranging from 20 to 300 kGy. It is worth mentioning that this report is almost the first one dealing with this topic of material changes using Makrofol BL 2-4. The resultant effect of electron beam irradiation on the properties of Makrofol has been investigated using X-ray diffraction, intrinsic viscosity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, refractive index, and color difference studies. The results indicate that the electron beam irradiation in the dose range 50-200 kGy led to the dominance of cross-linking, enhancing the properties of Makrofol. C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2015, 34, 21496; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com.

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Crystalline structure of polypropylene in blends with thermoplastic elastomers after electron beam irradiation

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Polypropylene/natural rubber thermoplastic elastomer: Effect of phenolic resin as a vulcanizing agent on mechanical properties and morphology

Polypropylene/natural rubber thermoplastic elastomer: Effect of phenolic resin as a vulcanizing agent on mechanical properties and morphology

Physical properties of irradiated thermoplastic elastomeric olefins based on (devulcanized rubber)/(high crystalline polypropylene) formulations

Modification Induced in Makrofol BL 2‐4 Polycarbonate due to Electron Beam Irradiation

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