Crystallinity and wettability induced osteogenic behaviors of commercially pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant surfaces having multiscale surface topography

Abhijith, N.V.; Priyanka, C.P.; Sudeep, U.; Ramachandran, Karthikeyan

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.057

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To achieve a possible optimization on the industrial level, it is important to conduct feasibility studies on the complex designs of structure sizes and shapes. Abhijith et al (2021) fabricated micro-grooves with embedded nanoscale ripples on Ti surfaces via laser surface texturing (LST) and verified the enhancement of surface hydrophilicity and osseointegration. He et al (2022) proposed a method that controls the hydrophilicity of Ti surfaces with either micro-protrusions or microgrooves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical Study of Microstructures and Roughness Design Effects on Surface Hydrophilicity through the Lattice Boltzmann Method

2023

JAFM

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Hydrophilicity is one of the most vital characteristics of titanium (Ti) implants. Surface structure design is a powerful and efficient strategy for improving the intrinsic hydrophilic ability of Ti implants. Existing research has focused on experimental exploration, and hence, a reliable numerical model is needed for surface structure design and corresponding hydrophilicity prediction. To address this challenge, we proposed a numerical model to analyze the droplet dynamics on Ti surfaces with specific microstructures designed through the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). In this work, a Shan-Chen (SC) model was applied in the simulations. We simulated droplets spreading on smooth and micropillar surfaces with various wettability and provided a comprehensive discussion of the edge locations, contact line, droplet height, contact area, surface free energy, and forces to reveal more details and mechanisms. To better tune and control the surface hydrophilicity, we investigated the effects of micropillar geometric sizes (pillar width a, height h, and pitch b) on hydrophilicity via single factor analysis and the response surface method (RSM). The results show that the hydrophilicity initially increases and then decreases with an increasing a, increases with an increasing h, and decreases with an increasing d. In addition, the interaction effects of a-d and h-d are significant. The optimization validation of the RSM also demonstrates the accuracy of our lattice Boltzmann (LB) model with an error of 0.687%. Here, we defined a dimensionless parameter ξ to integrate the geometric parameters and denote the surface roughness. The hydrophilicity of Ti surfaces improves with an increasing surface roughness. In addition, the effect of the microstructure geometry shape was investigated under the same value of surface roughness. Surfaces with micropillars show the best hydrophilicity. Moreover, this study is expected to provide an accurate and reliable LB model for predicting and enhancing the intrinsic hydrophilicity of Ti surfaces via specific microstructure and roughness designs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical Study of Microstructures and Roughness Design Effects on Surface Hydrophilicity through the Lattice Boltzmann Method

2023

JAFM

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“…[ 11–16 ] For instance, the surface oxidized states and hydrophilic behavior of laser‐textured Ti‐6Al‐4V have been shown to significantly impact osteoblast integration rate. [ 15 ] Moreover, increased titanium surface wettability has been shown to promote fibronectin adsorption from blood plasma, thereby enhancing cytoskeleton organization and focal adhesion expression. [ 16 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This necessitates the need for further post processing to enhance the surface functionalization of 3D printed biomedical Ti implants since the surface roughness, topographies and chemical composition affect the interaction of cells with the implant surface. [11][12][13][14][15][16] For instance, the surface oxidized states and hydrophilic behavior of laser-textured Ti-6Al-4V have been shown to significantly impact osteoblast integration rate. [15] Moreover, increased titanium surface wettability has been shown to promote fibronectin adsorption from blood plasma, thereby enhancing cytoskeleton organization and focal adhesion expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐ and Multiscale Laser Patterning of 3D Printed Biomedical Titanium Alloy: Toward an Enhanced Adhesion and Early Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

Hariharan,

Goldberg,

Schell

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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This study explores the enhancement of biocompatible titanium‐based implants through surface functionalization for improved bone healing. Specifically, a near‐beta type Ti‐13Nb‐13Zr alloy is 3D printed using laser powder bed fusion and subsequently textured using nanosecond (ns) and picosecond (ps) direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) to create single‐scale and multi‐scale surface textures. On these textures, the cell behavior, morphology, metabolic activity and osteogenic differentiation potential of human bone marrow stromal cells are assessed using fluorescence microscopy and MTS assays. Moreover, tissue non‐specific alkaline phosphatase activity served as an early osteoblast production marker. Compared to untextured specimens, both types of textures exhibited higher metabolic activity and cell proliferation. Single‐scale ns‐DLIP textures encouraged cell extensions anchored in groove regions, while ps‐DLIP textures with hierarchical structures promoted cell extensions attaching to nanostructures on sidewalls. The groove width and nanotopographies in groove areas facilitated cell spreading. Surface topography, roughness, and surface chemistry (surface energy, wettability) influenced cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. A comprehensive evaluation of DLIP‐generated surface textures, including their topography and chemical states, complements the factors affecting in vitro cell behavior. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of surface‐functionalized 3Dprinted titanium for a novel generation of biocompatible implants.

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“…The physical methods that have been applied to enhance the osteogenic activity of implantable metallic biomaterials include thermal spraying [17], sputtering [18], ion implantation [19], plasma treatment [20], and laser-assisted processing [21]. Special attention was oriented towards the latter category, given the enhanced physicochemical properties and boosted biofunctional performance of laser-textured [22][23][24] and coated [25,26] metallic implants. Out of all these techniques, the matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) is known to have some advantages, such as the possibility to synthesize homogeneous and uniform nanosized or nanostructured coatings, as well as composite or hybrid coatings containing organic substances, such as polymers [27][28][29] and biomolecules [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Coatings Loaded with Osteogenic Protein for Metallic Implants

Gherasim

Grumezescu

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Osteoconductive and osteoinductive coatings represent attractive and tunable strategies towards the enhanced biomechanics and osseointegration of metallic implants, providing accurate local modulation of bone-to-implant interface. Composite materials based on polylactide (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) are proved beneficial substrates for the modulation of bone cells’ development, being suitable mechanical supports for the repair and regeneration of bone tissue. Moreover, the addition of osteogenic proteins represents the next step towards the fabrication of advanced biomaterials for hard tissue engineering applications, as their regulatory mechanisms beneficially contribute to the new bone formation. In this respect, laser-processed composites, based on PLA, Hap, and bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4), are herein proposed as bioactive coatings for metallic implants. The nanostructured coatings proved superior ability to promote the adhesion, viability, and proliferation of osteoprogenitor cells, without affecting their normal development and further sustaining the osteogenic differentiation of the cells. Our results are complementary to previous studies regarding the successful use of chemically BMP-modified biomaterials in orthopedic and orthodontic applications.

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Crystallinity and wettability induced osteogenic behaviors of commercially pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy implant surfaces having multiscale surface topography

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Numerical Study of Microstructures and Roughness Design Effects on Surface Hydrophilicity through the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Numerical Study of Microstructures and Roughness Design Effects on Surface Hydrophilicity through the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Single‐ and Multiscale Laser Patterning of 3D Printed Biomedical Titanium Alloy: Toward an Enhanced Adhesion and Early Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

Bioactive Coatings Loaded with Osteogenic Protein for Metallic Implants

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