Crystallization and Precipitation: The Optimal Supersaturation

Abstract

In this article the optimal supersaturation for cooling and evaporation crystallization are presented. This information is based on a simplified model which describes the metastable zone width of activated nucleation. The model assumes that the nucleation step is very fast and the occurrence of the shower of nuclei which is used to define the metastable zone width is caused by the growth of activated nuclei. In future new sensors for the measurement of supersaturation will help to operate batch crystallizers at the optimal supersaturation during the entire batch time.

Thermal Separation Technology

“…Data for can be found in the literature (Mersmann and Löffelmann 1999). According to (8.5-2) a low dimensionless supersaturation c   (8.5-4) 475 8.5 Design of Crystallizers reduced.…”

Flow Patterns in Rheologically Evolving Model Fluids Produced by Hybrid Dual Mixing Systems

“…In the case of fermentations, the high shear rate environment in the immediate vicinity of the stirrer may lead to changes in the morphology of organisms, such as fragmentation of agglomerates of cells or mycelia, breaking of hyphae, breaking up chains of microorganisms, and lysis of single cells. As a consequence, the synthesis of either biomass or bioproducts, or both, is reduced [4].…”

Spin transition nanoparticles made electrochemically

“…The synthesis of particles at the nanoscale requires very specific supersaturation conditions, such as (1) short nucleation and growth periods, (2) at high rates, and (3) avoiding their immediate agglomeration. 25 Correspondingly, the synthesis of spin transition nanoparticles by GDEx, is relies on these features, provided by the nature of the process and reagents employed, combined with the following aspects. The flowing conditions impose only a transient contact of metal ion precursors with the reactive species at the saturated electrochemical interface-rendering transient nucleation conditions.…”