Crystallization kinetics and morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Hong, Po‐Da; Chung, Wei-Tsung; Hsu, Chien‐Yeh

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00163-5

Cited by 228 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For example, Ho, et al [3], Wu, et al [4], Hong et al [12], and Chuang, et al [13] shared similar results in that the banded structure could only be obtained at Tc = 195-215 °C. Xue, et al [43] reported banded spherulites formation at Tc = 170-195 °C.…”

Section: Figure 1 Crystallization Kinetics and The Related Morphologmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…With all these characteristic features, PTT is a good candidate for the study of polymer crystallization and self-assembly. Thus, in this paper, the works on PTT crystallization, including its kinetics [10,11], intrinsic birefringence [12][13][14], as well as its spherulitic morphologies, particularly its banded spherulite structures and formations [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] are reviewed in order to provide insight into the real lamellar structures in banded spherulites crystallized from melting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interior Lamellar Assembly and Optical Birefringence in Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Spherulites: Mechanisms from Past to Present

2017

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Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) with its unique spherulitic morphologies, highly birefringent features, and crystal stability serves as a good candidate to study polymer crystallization and assembly. This review compiles the main findings on crystallization in PTT, including birefringence and morphology, thermal behavior, as well as the interior structure of PTT banded spherulites, in order to elucidate the origin and formation mechanism of banded spherulites. Interior observation through the inner anatomy of crystal assembly in banded spherulites hidden under the top surface is necessary to provide a complete picture for the unsettled arguments about formation mechanism. Careful attention should be taken when selecting the etching agent for exposing the lamellar structure of polymer spherulite, otherwise, misinterpretation could result.

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Section: Figure 1 Crystallization Kinetics and The Related Morphologmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interior Lamellar Assembly and Optical Birefringence in Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Spherulites: Mechanisms from Past to Present

2017

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“…This convenient kinetic method has been adopted to deal with the non-isothermal data of many polymer systems [60][61][62]. The new kinetic equation of nonisothermal crystallization by combining the Eqations (4) and (6) is derived as Equations (8) and (9):…”

Section: Non-isothermal Crystallization Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of syndiotactic polystyrene polystyrene functionalized SWNTs nanocomposites

Xiong

Gao²,

Li³

2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are unique nanostructured materials with remarkable physical, mechanical and electronic properties [1][2][3][4]. These properties make them attractive for applications in many scientific and technological fields such as electronic structures [5], polymer composites [6], and biological systems [7]. Among these potential applications, the prospect of obtaining high-performance CNT based polymeric nanocomposites has attracted the efforts of researchers in both academia and industry [8]. The combination of organic polymer components with CNT fillers in a single material has extraordinary significance for the development of advanced materials with remarkable mechanical, electrical, thermal and multifunctional properties [9][10][11][12]. Moreover, polymer/CNT nanocomposites challenge traditional filled polymers (loadings of 20 wt% or more) in many of these areas by providing similar physical enhancements but with as little as about 1 wt% addition of dispersed nanotubes [13]. Previous CNT based polymeric nanocomposites reports include increased modulus, impact strength, heat distortion temperature, and barrier properties with decreased thermal expansivity [14][15][16]. In addition, these nanocomposites are finding potential applications such as electrostatically dissipative materials and aerospace materials [17]. Currently, several processing methods, including melt mixing, solution process and in-situ polymerization [18][19][20] Abstract. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics were characterized by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis on neat semicrystalline syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) and its nanocomposites with polystyrene (PS) functionalized full-length single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT-PS), which was prepared by copper (I) catalyzed click coupling of alkyne-decorated SWNTs with well-defined, azide-terminated PS. The crystallization behavior of neat sPS polymer was compared to its SWNT based nanocomposites. The results suggested that the non-isothermal crystallization behavior of sPS/SWNT-PS nanocomposites depended significantly on the SWNT-PS contents and cooling rate. The incorporation of SWNT-PS caused a change in the mechanism of nucleation and the crystal growth of sPS crystallites, this effect being more significant at lower SWNT-PS content. Combined Avrami and Ozawa analysis was found to be effective in describing the non-isothermal crystallization of the neat sPS and its nanocomposites. The activation energy of sPS determined from nonisothermal data decreased with the presence of small quantity of SWNT-PS in the nanocomposites and then increased with increasing SWNT-PS contents.

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“…First, each sample was heated from room temperature (25 °C) to 350 °C at a rate of 10 °C/min, followed by isotherm of 5 minutes to remove thermal history. Then, the material was cooled to room temperature at 10 °C/min and a second heating was performed in same conditions of the first heating to determinate the crystallinity degree (Xc) 17 . Thus, cristallinity degree was calculated by the Equation 1 [18][19][20] :…”

Section: Differential Exploratory Calorimetry (Dsc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chain extension of poly (ethylene terephthalate) by reactive extrusion with secondary stabilizer

Bimestre

Saron

2012

Mat. Res.

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Poly(ethylene tereftalate) (PET) is a polymer highly susceptible to the hydrolytic reactions that occur during applications and mainly in thermomechanical processing. These reactions lead to the decrease of molecular weight of the polymer, limiting the recycling number of the material. The reactive extrusion of the PET in presence of chain extenders is an alternative to recover mechanical and rheological properties that were depreciated by the polymer degradation. In this study, PET wastes from nonwoven fabrics production were extruded in presence of the secondary stabilizer Irgafos 126 (IRG) on variable concentrations. The results showed that Irgafos 126 increased molecular weight, decreased crystallinity and changed processing behavior of the PET, similarly to the effects produced by the well-known chain extender pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), showing that the secondary stabilizer Irgafos 126 can also act as a chain extender for the PET.

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Crystallization kinetics and morphology of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Cited by 228 publications

References 36 publications

Interior Lamellar Assembly and Optical Birefringence in Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Spherulites: Mechanisms from Past to Present

Interior Lamellar Assembly and Optical Birefringence in Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Spherulites: Mechanisms from Past to Present

Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of syndiotactic polystyrene polystyrene functionalized SWNTs nanocomposites

Chain extension of poly (ethylene terephthalate) by reactive extrusion with secondary stabilizer

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