“…The growth of the overcritical nuclei and formation of new nuclei require simultaneous rearrangement of different species of atoms. Due to the dense randomly packed atomic configuration of multi-component amorphous alloy, diffusion of atoms is difficult, which retards the nucleation and growths of grains, leading to a decreasing nucleation rate [20]. In addition, high energy implanted Co ions might cause an annihilation of the free volumes and reduce voids through impacting the glassy matrix and reconstructing the atomic configuration, and these effects are related to the short-range rearrangement of atoms.…”