Crystallization of amorphous lead-titanate prepared by a sol-gel process

Gurkovich, S. R.; Blum, J. B.

doi:10.1080/00150198508225992

Cited by 67 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The shifting of XRD peaks toward lower angle side for x = 0.10 sample could be attribute to the high strain [16] which is generated because of smaller crystallite size of x = 0.10 sample. This result agrees well with other reports for similar materials [17,18]. The coherently scattered crystallite size and lattice strain of the samples were calculated from the X'Pert HighScore software using Scherrer's equation (p hkl .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Study of electrical properties of La3+/Mn4+-modified PbTiO3 nanoceramics

Shukla

Choudhary

2012

J Mater Sci

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The nanoscale samples of Pb 0.90 La 0.10 (Ti 1-x Mn x ) 0.975 O 3 (x = 0.0, 0.04, 0.07, and 0.10) compounds were prepared using high-energy ball-milling method. Thermo-gravimetric analysis and high-resolution X-ray diffraction studies were carried out to verify the phase formation. Single-phase compounds were formed exhibiting tetragonal system. The presence of impedance and modulus spectroscopic data was used to gain an insight into the electrical properties of the samples and with a view to observing the relaxations in them. Impedance studies show non-freq-type behavior and the relaxation frequency shift toward higher frequency side with increase in temperature. An equivalent circuit has been used to provide a complete picture of the material. The difference between localized (i.e., dielectric relaxation) and non-localized conduction (i.e., long-range conductivity) processes within the bulk of the material may be discerned by the presence or the absence of a peak in the imaginary impedance and modulus versus frequency plot.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Study of electrical properties of La3+/Mn4+-modified PbTiO3 nanoceramics

Shukla

Choudhary

2012

J Mater Sci

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“…Since the phase transformation of pyrochlore to perovskite also occurred homogeneously, the following reaction applies: [9] dXpy/dt = K 2 Xpv (4) where Xpy is the volume fraction of the pyrochlore. The rate of the pyrochlore accumulation, dXpy/dt, in the film was equal to the difference between the rate of formation from amorphous phase, -dXA/dt, and the rate of transformation into perovskite, dXpv/dt: dXpy/dt = -dXA]dt -dXpv/dt (5) By integration, the volume fraction of the transition pyrochlore, Xpy, and the volume fraction of the perovskite, Xpv, at time t were determined by: …”

Section: A -"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the sol-gel and metallo-organic processing, low temperature processed materials were obtained and then converted to ceramics by calcination at high temperatures. During crystallization of sol-gel derived ceramics, metastable or transitional phases are often observed prior to the formation of the final stable phases [2,4]. Therefore, the crystallization process is usually not a single step transformation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the crystallization of amorphous systems which do not contain any glass formers have been studied. These systems include metallic glasses, splat-quenched materials, sol-gel and metallo-organics derived amorphous phases [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In the sol-gel and metallo-organic processing, low temperature processed materials were obtained and then converted to ceramics by calcination at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystallization Kinetics Of Metallo-Organics Derived Pzt Thin Film

Chen

Mackenzie

1990

MRS Proc.

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PZT films on fused silica substrates were prepared by a multiple dipping-firing process from a stable solution of titanium isopropoxide, zirconium n-propoxide and lead 2-ethylhexanoate. The crystallization kinetics of the amorphous PZT films was studied by quantitative X-ray analysis. The crystallization of the amorphous film to perovskite phase involved a transitional pyrochlore structure phase. The entire crystallization was described by a consecutive phase transformation process in which nucleation dominated.

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“…A PZT precursor of morphotropic composition, x=0.53, was made according to the modified 2-methoxyethanol route described by Gurkovich and Blum [19] and Budd et al [20] For seeding a similar 0.11 M precursor corresponding to PbTiO 3 was made with 30% Pb excess to enhance seed layer orientation and to avoid problems related to lead evaporation. The CSD seed layer was deposited on a platinized silicon wafer (Pt/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Si) using spin coating at 3,000 rpm for 40 s. The film was subsequently pyrolyzed at 350°C for 60 s to evaporate the solvent and pyrolyze the organics after which the seed layer was crystallized at 650°C for 60 s. A 2 μm PZT film was deposited on the seeded wafer using a procedure already described in literature [1].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically derived seeding layer for {100}-textured PZT thin films

et al. 2007

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PZT thin films are used extensively in micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) due to its high piezoelectric coefficients. The electromechanical responses can be optimized by using textured films where the transverse coefficient e 31,f is of particular importance for MEMS structures such as cantilevers, bridges and membranes. It has been shown that {100}-textured PZT of morphotropic composition fabricated by chemical solution deposition (CSD) provides the highest transverse coefficient [1]. This specific texture can be obtained using a seeding layer of sputter deposited PbTiO 3 [2]. However, in a CSD process it is advantageous to also be able to produce the seed layer by chemical methods. The piezoelectric and dielectric properties of 2 μm PZT film seeded by CSD PbTiO 3 measured by a new 4-point bending setup are presented.

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Crystallization of amorphous lead-titanate prepared by a sol-gel process

Cited by 67 publications

References 2 publications

Study of electrical properties of La3+/Mn4+-modified PbTiO3 nanoceramics

Study of electrical properties of La3+/Mn4+-modified PbTiO3 nanoceramics

Crystallization Kinetics Of Metallo-Organics Derived Pzt Thin Film

Chemically derived seeding layer for {100}-textured PZT thin films

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