Crystallographic and magnetic phase stabilities of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles at shocked conditions

Assessment of shock resistance of barium ferrite at dynamic shocked conditions

“…It is very clear that the applied shock waves do not induce any crystallographic phase change in the test sample. Based on the results of previous publications [25,26], the existence of significant level of retainability as that of the control sample is reflected in the observed XRD patterns at shocked conditions which substantiate the test sample to be considered as a high shock-resistant material as proven in NiFe 2 O 4 [25] and MnFe 2 O 4 NPs [26]. Moreover, it could be noted that barium hexaferrite is completely phase transformed from crystal to amorphous without attaining any intermediate phase by Ag 12?…”

“…In the case of divalent ferrites materials, ZnFe 2 O 4 NPs have undergone switchable magnetic phase transitions with respect to the number of shock pulses [24]. On the other hand, NiFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 NPs show outstanding shock resistance in terms of crystal phase stability and magnetic phase stability [25,26]. On that note, we go a step further to find high shock-resistant materials of divalent ferrite group that can fit in for technologically important applications.…”

“…The title ferrite was prepared by co-precipitation method using the protocol of the literature using barium nitrate and ferric nitrate [25,26]. The synthesized product was sent to the shock wave loadings and the required shock waves were generated by an in-house table-top pressure driven shock tube and the details of the shock tube have been discussed in our previous publications [32,33].…”

“…Based on the observed XRD results, it is authenticated that the applied shock waves have not produced any significant changes in the mother crystallographic phase of the test sample. Due to the existence of the unchanged XRD patterns of the test samples at shocked conditions, it could be considered as high shock-resistant ferrite NPs such that the above-mentioned consideration is arrived at based on the previous results of divalent ferrite NPs such as NiFe 2 O 4 and MnFe 2 O 4 NPs observed at shocked conditions [25,26].…”

“…In recent years, many research groups have been working relentlessly to find out high shock wave-resistant materials for space applications which includes our research group as well [5,6]. So far, shock wave-resistant properties of a few of metal oxides and divalent ferrite nanocrystalline materials such as TiO 2 [14], a-Fe 2 O 3 [15], ZrO 2 [16], ZnO [17], a-MnO 2 [18], NiO [19], Co 3 O 4 [20], CuO [21], AgO [22], CeO 2 [23], ZnFe 2 O 4 [24], NiFe 2 O 4 [25], and MnFe 2 O 4 [26] have been reported. Based on the available literature survey, it has been demonstrated that shock wave-induced phase transformation from anatase to rutile of TiO 2 NPs [14] and cubic ZrO 2 to monoclinic-ZrO 2 can be achieved using piston-driven shock tube [16].…”