CSF biomarkers, impairment of cerebral hemodynamics and degree of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's and mixed dementia

Systemic and cerebral hemodynamics during cognitive testing

“…Although hypertension was not evident in the group with paraplegia, we previously reported increased carotid artery stiffness compared to healthy age-matched controls [61]. Further, it has been suggested that cerebral hemodynamic impairment is a critical marker for cognitive decline in persons with Alzheimer's disease [54], suggesting a mechanism of vascular pathology. The diminished CBF response to cognitive testing in the group with paraplegia may be a reflection of increased arterial stiffness and microvascular damage, which may ultimately contribute to cognitive deficits in this population.…”

Cognitive Disorders and Dementia in CKD

“…56 Indeed, previous transcranial Doppler studies show a positive correlation between hemodynamic impairment and cognitive impairmentsuggesting that microvascular damage contributes to the cognitive changes observed in the early stages of dementia. 57,58 Additionally, the prevalence of traditional 2 This might explain the association between CKD and cerebrovascular disease because the latter plays the largest role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in CKD patients. Furthermore, it has been suggested that vascular disease is a more likely cause of cognitive impairment than is Alzheimer's disease in this population.…”

On the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease from multimodal signals: A survey

“…A higher degree of carotid atherosclerosis has been found to be correlated the same way with the disease and a higher risk of developing it [184]. The total CBF is also decreased in AD patients [185,186], as well as the cerebrovascular reserve capacity (CVRC) and the mean flow velocity (MFV) [176,180,187,188]. CVRC "is a parameter of cerebrovascular autoregulation describing the ability for vasodilation of cerebral arterioles in setting of low cerebral perfusion pressure" [180].…”