CT Findings in Malignant Tumors of Thymic Epithelium

“…36,37 The frequency of calcification in thymic carcinomas on CT has been reported to range from 6% to 61%. 25,26,28,35 Tomiyama et al 26 reported that calcification was found in 44% of type B1, 61% of type B2, and 75% of type B3 tumors and in 6% of thymic carcinomas. Calcification is suggestive of a high-risk invasive tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR imaging of thymic epithelial tumors: correlation with World Health Organization classification

et al. 2006

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“…In comparison with invasive thymomas, thymic carcinomas were more commonly associated with mediastinal lymph node and extrathoracic metastases, but less commonly associated with pleural implant (30).…”

Section: Thymic Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 86%

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of mediastinal tumors

Takahashi¹,

Al-Janabi²

2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

176

131

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We describe the clinical, pathological, and imaging findings of mediastinal tumors with focus on thymic hyperplasia, thymic epithelial tumors, and germ cell tumors, malignant lymphoma, and various cystic masses. Chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in characterization of the normal thymus and differentiation of hyperplastic thymus and thymic tumors. In contrast to noninvasive thymomas, invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas show a more aggressive growth pattern. Local invasion and pleural spread are characteristic of invasive thymoma and mediastinal lymphadenopathy and distant metastasis suggest thymic carcinomas. Mature teratoma typically shows various computed tomography (CT) attenuation, and MR signal intensity depending on its contents and fat tissue and bone within the lesions are its characteristic findings. Seminomas typically have homogenous internal CT attenuation and MR signal intensity with minimal contrast enhancement. Nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors characteristically show prominent internal degenerative changes and invasion to the adjacent structures. In mediastinal lymphomas, a residual mass is common after treatment and MRI provides important information in distinguishing viable tumors from residual benign masses. Some mediastinal cysts may reveal high attenuation similar to solid lesions on CT depending on their contents and MRI can be useful in the differentiation of cystic masses from solid lesions.

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“…Alla TC possono presentare una attenuazione omogenea da tessuti molli o eterogenea per la presenza di necrosi; come il timoma, può avere aspetto cistico [25]; sono presenti calcificazioni nel 10%-40% dei casi. Linfoadenopatie mediastiniche sono presenti nel 40% dei casi [42].…”

Section: Carcinoma Timicounclassified

“…As in the case of thymoma, it may have a cystic appearance [25]; calcification is present in 10%-40% of cases. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy is seen in 40% of cases [42].…”

Section: Thymic Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

The anterior mediastinum: diseases

Priola

Cardinale

et al. 2006

Radiol med

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Mediastinal tumours are frequently asymptomatic and first noted on routine chest radiograph. In most cases, evaluation should proceed to spiral computed tomography (sCT) of the chest with iodinated contrast material. The specific location and appearance of tumours on sCT is instrumental in planning further diagnostic and treatment strategies. Primary tumours in the anterior mediastinum account for half of all mediastinal masses. They comprise various benign and malignant neoplasms, but a wide variety of nonneoplastic lesions (developmental, inflammatory) can present as a localised mass in this compartment. The most common primary anterior mediastinal tumours are thymoma, teratoma and lymphoma; all other lesions are rare. Nonneoplastic conditions include thymic cysts, lymphangioma and intrathoracic goitre. Understanding the pathology, clinical presentation, imaging and diagnosis of the major tumour types is instrumental in the safe and efficient work-up of a mediastinal mass. Patients with primary mediastinal masses and cysts will usually undergo surgical resection; radiological and clinical features should prompt limited biopsy specimens followed by oncologic consultation, and chemotherapy or radiotherapy when appropriate. The objective of this review was to examine the role of diagnostic imaging in the management of masses of the anterior mediastinum.

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CT Findings in Malignant Tumors of Thymic Epithelium

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

MR imaging of thymic epithelial tumors: correlation with World Health Organization classification

MR imaging of thymic epithelial tumors: correlation with World Health Organization classification

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of mediastinal tumors

The anterior mediastinum: diseases

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