CT Findings of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Severe Pneumonia

Guan, Wanhua; Liu, Jinxin; Yu, Chengcheng

doi:10.2214/ajr.20.23035

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…With the continuing COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing number of patients suspected or confirmed with the disease, the radiologists are facing more and more cases because of the paramount role of imaging, particularly chest CT scans in the workup algorithm. Although several articles have appeared in the medical press determining variable clinical and radiological aspects of the pulmonary manifestations of the infection, there is still paucity in the studies addressing the spectrum of pulmonary changes in relation to the timing of the scan throughout the clinical course [9][10][11] or were just isolated case reports [12,13]. In the current study, we compared the pulmonary radiological features associated with COVID-19 infection between two groups of patients, who underwent chest CT scans after different durations from initial clinical presentations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary ct manifestations of COVID-19: changes within 2 weeks duration from presentation

Sultan

Al-Tameemi

Alghazali³

et al. 2020

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Chest computed tomography (CT) plays an essential role in the evaluation of COVID-19. This retrospective study aims to determine and compare the pulmonary changes in Iraqi patients with COVID-19 disease across the first two weeks after onset of symptoms using computerized tomography (CT) scan. Ninety-six patients with COVID-19 disease were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the duration of symptoms (the first group has been scanned within the first week of presentation while the second group has been scanned in the second week). Results: The CT findings in the first and second group were as follows: ground glass opacity (GGO) were 94.3% vs. 88.5%, consolidation were 25.7% vs. 34.6%, broncho vascular thickening were 18.6% vs. 7.7%, crazy paving appearance were 15.7% vs. 3.8%, tree-in-bud appearance were 4.3% vs. 10.7%, pulmonary nodules were 5.1% vs. 7.7%, and bronchiectasis were 5.5% vs. 7.7%. Pleural effusion and cavitation were seen only in the first group (2.9% and 1.4% respectively). The distribution of CT changes across the two groups were as follows: bilateral changes were 85.7% vs. 100%; central distribution were 11.4% vs. 11.5%; peripheral distribution were 64.3% vs. 42.3%, and diffuse (central and peripheral) distribution were 24.3% vs. 46.2% while multilobar distribution were 70% vs. 80.8%. Conclusion: The type, extent, and distributions of pulmonary manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection are significantly different between the two groups who have been scanned in different stages of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary ct manifestations of COVID-19: changes within 2 weeks duration from presentation

Sultan

Al-Tameemi

Alghazali³

et al. 2020

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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“…Findings on chest radiograph imaging are not diseasespecific and usually include ground glass opacities with bilateral, peripheral or lower lung zone distribution with or without consolidation [21][22][23]. Chest CT is more sensitive, but no finding can 100% establish or rule out the diagnosis [24].…”

Section: Pulmonary Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19 infection

et al. 2020

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Although COVID-19 presents primarily as a lower respiratory tract infection transmitted via air droplets, increasing data suggest multiorgan involvement in patients that are infected. This systemic involvement is postulated to be mainly related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus binding on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors located on several different human cells. Lung involvement is the most common serious manifestation of the disease, ranging from asymptomatic disease or mild pneumonia, to severe disease associated with hypoxia, critical disease associated with shock, respiratory failure and multiorgan failure or death. Among patients with COVID-19, underlying cardiovascular comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes and especially cardiovascular disease, has been associated with adverse outcomes, whereas the emergence of cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury, heart failure and arrhythmias, has been associated with poor survival. Gastrointestinal symptoms are also frequently encountered and may persist for several days. Haematological complications are frequent as well and have been associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, recent studies have reported that over a third of infected patients develop a broad spectrum of neurological symptoms affecting the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and skeletal muscles, including anosmia and ageusia. The skin, the kidneys, the liver, the endocrine organs and the eyes are also affected by the systemic COVID-19 disease. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the organ-specific systemic manifestations of COVID-19.

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“…As these receptors turnover as rapidly as every 24 hours, inhibition of these secretions inhibits receptor growth causing loss of smell and taste. 24,49,52,55,[114][115][116][117][118] Reports in both mouse and human datasets demonstrate that olfactory sensory neurons do not express two key genes involved in CoV-2 entry, ACE2 and TMPRSS2. In contrast, olfactory epithelial support cells and stem cells express both of these genes, as do cells in the nasal respiratory epithelium.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Smell and Taste Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

<strong></strong><strong>Anosmia and Ageusia as Initial or Unique Symptoms after SARS-COV-2 Virus Infection</strong>

Machado¹,

Gutierrez²

2020

Preprint

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SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-2) is a coronavirus which is causing the actual COVID-19 pandemic. The disease caused by 2019 new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was named coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization in February 2020. Primary non-specific reported symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection at the prodromal phase are malaise, fever, and dry cough. The most commonly reported signs and symptoms are fever (98%), cough (76%), dyspnea (55%), and myalgia or fatigue (44%). Nonetheless, recent reports suggest an association between COVID-19 and altered olfactory and taste functions, although smell seems to be more affected than taste. These associations of smell and taste dysfunctions and CoV-2 are consistent with case reports describing a patient with SARS with long term anosmia after recovery from respiratory distress, with the observation that olfactory function is commonly altered after infection with endemic coronaviruses, and with data demonstrating that intentional experimental infection of humans with CoV-299 raises the thresholds at which odors can be detected. Post-viral anosmia and is one of the leading causes of loss of sense of smell in adults, accounting for up to 40% cases of anosmia. Viruses that give rise to the common cold are well known to cause post-infectious loss, and over 200 different viruses are known to cause upper respiratory tract infections. I reviewed the possible mechanisms of smell and taste loss in COVID-19. I concluded that since the existence of such a relationship is likely, it is highly recommended that those patients who experience complications such as smell and/or taste loss, even as unique symptoms, should be considered as potential SARS-CoV-2 virus carriers.

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CT Findings of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Severe Pneumonia

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

Pulmonary ct manifestations of COVID-19: changes within 2 weeks duration from presentation

Pulmonary ct manifestations of COVID-19: changes within 2 weeks duration from presentation

Organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19 infection

<strong></strong><strong>Anosmia and Ageusia as Initial or Unique Symptoms after SARS-COV-2 Virus Infection</strong>

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