CT Halo sign: A systematic review

Goel, Ayush; Mittal, Ankit; Vyas, Surabhi

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108843

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The halo sign (HS) can be seen in a large number of diverse conditions, which is the radiological correlate of infiltration (hemorrhage, neoplastic or inflammatory). 27 In the present study, both the SPINs and lung cancers showed this sign but they were different. The HS (peripheral patch) in SPINs was ill-defined while most of that in lung cancers was well-defined, which was consistent with previous results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Solitary Pulmonary Inflammatory Nodule: CT Features and Pathological Findings

Xiao

et al. 2021

JIR

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Purpose Solitary pulmonary inflammatory nodules (SPINs) are frequently misdiagnosed as malignancy. We aimed to investigate CT features and pathological findings of SPINs for improving diagnosis strategies. Patients and Methods In this retrospective study, 225 and 310 consecutive patients with confirmed SPINs and lung cancerous nodules were enrolled from January 2013 to December 2020. Nodules were classified into different types based on the key CT features: I, homogeneous and well-defined nodules with smooth (Ia), coarse (Ib), or spiculated margins (Ic); II, nodules with blurred boundaries, peripheral patches, or both; III, nodules exhibiting heterogeneous density; and IV, polygonal nodules. The pathological findings of SPINs were simultaneously studied and summarized. Results Among the 225 SPINs, type I (Ia, Ib, and Ic), II, III, and IV were 137 (60.9%) (47 [20.9%], 33 [14.7%], and 57 [25.3%]), 62 (27.6%), 12 (5.3%) and 14 (6.2%), respectively. Correspondingly, those in 310 cancerous nodules were 275 (88.7%) (119 [38.4%], 70 [22.6%], and 86 [27.7%]), 20 (6.5%), 15 (4.8%), and 0, respectively. Compared with lung cancers, type I nodules were less common but type II and IV nodules were more common in SPINs (each P < 0.0001). Though the frequencies of subtype I ( P = 0.095) and type III ( P = 0.796) nodules were similar between two groups, their specific CT features were significantly different. The main pathological findings of each type of SPINs were most extensively identical (82.2 – 100%). Conclusion Between cancerous nodules and SPINs, differences in overall or specific CT features exist. The type II and IV nodules are highly indicative of SPINs, and each type of SPINs have almost similar pathological findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Solitary Pulmonary Inflammatory Nodule: CT Features and Pathological Findings

Xiao

et al. 2021

JIR

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“…The halo sign is defined as GGO surrounding a nodule or consolidation and has been initially described in hemorrhagic nodules, which can be typically observed in invasive fungal infections. This sign could also be seen in cryptococcosis and lung neoplasms [23]. The reversed halo sign refers to a focal rounded area of GGO surrounded by a ring of consolidation, which is typically observed in granulomatous diseases and organizing pneumonia [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparison of Chest CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pneumonia Associated with Lymphoma

Wang¹,

Zheng²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Objective: To retrospectively compare the clinical features and chest computed tomography (CT) characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pneumonia in lymphoma patients. Materials and Methods: Ten lymphoma patients with pneumonia and 12 patients with COVID-19 infections were enrolled from January 15 to March 14, 2020. The clinical features were recorded. All pulmonary lesions on chest CT were assessed for location, shape, density and diffusion degree. Other typical CT features were also evaluated. Results: The most commonly observed patchy lesions were ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and mixed GGOs in both groups. Regarding the diffusion degree, 82% (92/112) of the lesions in the COVID-19 group were relatively limited, while 69% (52/75) of those in the lymphoma group were diffuse (p < 0.001). The proportions of interlobular septal thickening, vascular thickening, pleural involvement and fibrous stripes observed in the lymphoma cases were statistically compatible with those observed in the COVID-19 cases (p > 0.05). Air bronchograms were observed more frequently in COVID-19 patients (45%, 50/112) than in lymphoma patients with pneumonia (5%, 4/75) (p < 0.001). Halo sign (6%) and reversed halo sign (1%) were observed in several COVID-19 patients but not in lymphoma-associated pneumonia patients. Conclusion: Both lymphoma-associated pneumonia and COVID-19 generally manifested as patchy GGOs and mixed GGOs in more than one lobe. Compared to COVID-19, lymphoma-associated pneumonia tended to be relatively diffuse, with fewer air bronchograms, and no halo or reversed halo signs observed on chest CT.

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“…Connecting the histopathology and imaging in this case, the ground glass associated with the pulmonary nodule seen on chest CT correlated with the organizing pneumonia as seen on histopathology. The halo sign, ground glass attenuation surrounding a pulmonary nodule, is a nonspecific CT finding that can be seen in association with malignancies and other granulomatous infections [ 12 ]. A wide range of imaging abnormalities have been described in emergomycosis including diffuse reticulonodular disease, focal consolidation, lobar atelectasis, effusions, and adenopathy, but no unique distinguishing radiological feature has been described to date [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Pulmonary Emergomycosis in an Immunocompetent Patient in Alberta, Canada

Mah

Bakker

Tseng

et al. 2022

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Emergomyces canadensis pulmonary infection was incidentally diagnosed in an asymptomatic patient suspected to have metastatic osteosarcoma. Molecular diagnosis was imperative to fungal identification given overlapping histopathological features with histoplasmosis. This report documents a case of isolated pulmonary emergomycosis in an otherwise immunocompetent patient while discussing diagnostic and management pitfalls of this emerging and underdiagnosed infection.

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CT Halo sign: A systematic review

Cited by 17 publications

References 120 publications

Solitary Pulmonary Inflammatory Nodule: CT Features and Pathological Findings

Solitary Pulmonary Inflammatory Nodule: CT Features and Pathological Findings

Comparison of Chest CT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pneumonia Associated with Lymphoma

Isolated Pulmonary Emergomycosis in an Immunocompetent Patient in Alberta, Canada

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