CTOD‐R curves of the metal‐clad interface of API X52 pipes cladded with an Inconel 625 alloy by welding overlay

Araujo, Aldecir Alves de; Bastian, Fernando Luíz; Castrodeza, Enrique Mariano

doi:10.1111/ffe.12462

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Hence, regions B and C create the transition region. The width of the transition region depends on solidification conditions and welding methods [6,[16][17][18][19]. In this case, the width of this region is about 25 microns.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The planar region, which occurs at the beginning of solidification, manifests nearly featureless at low magnification. This region is often observed at the fusion boundary and is usually relatively narrow [6,[16][17][18][19]. The solidification continues with cellular morphology; then, it quickly breaks down into cellular dendritic growth within some microns of the fusion boundary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and Phase Analysis of Multilayer Ni–Cr–Mo Clad for Corrosion Protection

Najafi

Bakhshayesh

Farzadi

2021

Trans Indian Inst Met

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Ni-Cr-Mo clads are commonly used on carbon steels in the oil and gas industry due to the high resistant corrosion. In this study, a three-layer Ni-Cr-Mo clad was deposited using the GMAW process. The welding current of 200 A, the welding speed of 35 cm/min, and the electrode extension of 20 mm, as well as the torch angle of 25°, are utilized to obtain a low dilution. The results showed that Fe content in the second and third layers of the clad was below 2 wt%. The segregation of Nb and Mo to interdendritic regions contributed to the formation of secondary phases, such as Laves and MC carbide precipitates. The results of chemical analysis across some dendrites and interdendritic regions confirmed that the contents and distribution of secondary phases were insignificant. Also, the transition region where the chemical composition significantly changes to reach the composition of the first layer of the clad is apparent. The microstructure of this region changes from the planar to cellular. The corrosion behavior of the clad was investigated, and it was found that corrosion resistance is not affected when the Fe content is restricted to below 2%. A passive layer consisting of Mo, Nb, Ni and Cr with O is formed on the corroded surface.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Phase Analysis of Multilayer Ni–Cr–Mo Clad for Corrosion Protection

Najafi

Bakhshayesh

Farzadi

2021

Trans Indian Inst Met

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“…Fracture toughness tests on the metal-clad interface of API X52 pipes cladded with an Inconel 625 alloy by welding overlay are presented in work [28]. CT specimens with the notch tips machined as close as possible to the interface plane were used in the tests.…”

Section: Of 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Fracture Process of Explosively Welded AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V Layered Material

et al. 2020

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The study presents an analysis of the cracking process of explosive welded layered material AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V (Al–Ti laminate) at ambient (293 K) and reduced (223 and 77 K) temperatures. Fracture toughness tests were conducted for specimens made of base materials and Al–Ti laminate. As a result of loading, delamination cracking occurred in the bonding layer of specimens made from Al–Ti laminate. To define the crack mechanisms that occur at the tested temperatures, a fracture analysis was made using a scanning electron microscope. Moreover, acoustic emission (AE) signals were recorded while loading. AE signals were segregated to link their groups with respective cracking process mechanisms. Numerical models of the tested specimens were developed, taking into account the complexity of the laminate structure and the ambiguity of the cracking process. A load simulation using the finite element method FEM allowed calculating stress distributions in the local area in the crack tip of the Al–Ti laminate specimens, which enabled the explanation of significant material cracking process development aspects. Results analysis showed an influence of interlayer delamination crack growth on the process of the Al–Ti laminate specimen cracking and the level of KQ characteristics at different temperatures.

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“…Nambu et al [64] reported that the mechanical strength and toughness of the substrate/clad interface should be high to inhibit disbonding during metal forming, as is the case during the bend test. Araújo et al [65] quantified the crack tip opening displacement of the TZ-S/C of an API 5L X52 pipe cladded with Ni-based superalloy 625, indicating that at room temperature, it has a higher fracture toughness than CGHAZ and CMZ.…”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of the Transition Zone of 9%Ni Steel Cladded with Ni-Based Superalloy 625 by GTAW-HW

Farias

Filho

Azevedo

2018

Metals

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9%Ni steel was recently used for the first time in the field of injection unit (IU) for the injection of CO2 into oil wells. Because such steels are operated in H2S medium and are susceptible to sulfide stress cracking, their pipes are cladded with Ni-based superalloy 625 by using gas tungsten arc welding with a hot wire to prevent this phenomenon from occurring. The transition zone of substrate/clad can have high hardness and low toughness, and promote failure of the component during service; therefore, it is very important to know its characteristics. In this work, this transition zone was analyzed through optical and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and electron backscatter diffraction, as well as Vickers microhardness, shear and bend tests. Metallographic analysis identified type I and II boundaries with distinct chemical gradients, MC-type carbides, Laves/γ eutectics, peninsulas macrosegregation, crystallographic texture close to <100> in the clads, residual strain, and drop of microhardness across the transition zone. The clads were approved in the shear and bend tests. This work proposes a new type II boundary formation mechanism in dissimilar welds of steels that do not exhibit the allotropic transformation δ → γ during the welding thermal cycle and do not experience a change in the solidification mode.

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CTOD‐R curves of the metal‐clad interface of API X52 pipes cladded with an Inconel 625 alloy by welding overlay

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Microstructure and Phase Analysis of Multilayer Ni–Cr–Mo Clad for Corrosion Protection

Microstructure and Phase Analysis of Multilayer Ni–Cr–Mo Clad for Corrosion Protection

Investigation of the Fracture Process of Explosively Welded AA2519–AA1050–Ti6Al4V Layered Material

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of the Transition Zone of 9%Ni Steel Cladded with Ni-Based Superalloy 625 by GTAW-HW

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