CTX-M–producing Non-Typhi<i>Salmonella</i>spp. Isolated from Humans, United States

Sjölund-Karlsson, Maria; Howie, Rebecca L.; Krueger, Amy; Rickert, Regan; Pecic, Gary; Lupoli, Kathryn; Folster, Jason P.; Whichard, Jean M.

doi:10.3201/eid1701.100511

Cited by 56 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, the genes for these enzymes have been found on similar or highly related plasmids in animal and human isolates, suggesting the common source of resistance (44,(47)(48)(49). Interestingly, however, to our knowledge, CTX-M-5 has been detected only in human Salmonella isolates (17,18,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…There were several reports of nosocomial outbreaks and sporadic isolations of CTX-M-5 ESBL-producing S. Typhimurium in European countries (Latvia [1991(Latvia [ to 1998] [17], Greece [1996Greece [ to 1998] [18], Hungary [1996 to 1998] [19], Russia [1996 to 1997] [19,20], and Belarus [2007] [21]), as well as in the United States (2000, 2003, and 2007) (22)(23)(24). Previously, we reported on the isolation of clonally related CTX-M-5-producing strains of S. Typhimurium in Russia and Belarus from 1994 to 2003 (25).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Dissemination of CTX-M-5-Producing Hypermutable Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 328 Strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan

Kozyreva

Ilina

Malakhova

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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e In this paper, we present evidence of long-term circulation of cefotaxime-resistant clonally related Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains over a broad geographic area. The genetic relatedness of 88 isolates collected from multiple outbreaks and sporadic cases of nosocomial salmonellosis in various parts of Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan from 1996 to 2009 was established by multilocus tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The isolates belong to sequence type 328 (ST328) and produce CTX-M-5 ␤-lactamase, whose gene is carried by highly related non-self-conjugative but mobilizable plasmids. Resistance to nalidixic acid and low-level resistance to ciprofloxacin is present in 37 (42%) of the isolates and in all cases is determined by various single point mutations in the gyrA gene quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR). Isolates of the described clonal group exhibit a hypermutable phenotype that probably facilitates independent acquisition of quinolone resistance mutations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Dissemination of CTX-M-5-Producing Hypermutable Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 328 Strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan

Kozyreva

Ilina

Malakhova

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…In contrast, decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone observed in NTS isolates recovered from both humans and domesticated animals in the United States until recently has been almost exclusively mediated through the production of bla CMY-2 , a Citrobacter freundii-derived ampC ␤-lactamase that is encoded on a variety of transmissible plasmids (20). More recently, human NTS isolates harboring plasmids encoding ESBLs of the CTX-M family have been recovered sporadically in the United States, which were thought to be both domestically and nondomestically acquired (21). Consistent with these findings, recovery of bla CTX-M -expressing NTS in U.S. livestock populations has been subsequently reported (22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Whole-Genome Sequencing Identifies In Vivo Acquisition of a bla _CTX-M-27 -Carrying IncFII Transmissible Plasmid as the Cause of Ceftriaxone Treatment Failure for an Invasive Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection

McCollister

Kotter

Frank

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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bWe report a case of ceftriaxone treatment failure for bacteremia caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, due to the in vivo acquisition of a bla CTX-M-27 -encoding IncFII group transmissible plasmid. The original ␤-lactamasesusceptible isolate ST882S was replaced by the resistant isolate ST931R during ceftriaxone treatment. After relapse, treatment was changed to ciprofloxacin, and the patient recovered. Isolate ST931R could transfer resistance to Escherichia coli at 37°C. We used whole-genome sequencing of ST882S and ST931R, the E. coli transconjugant, and isolated plasmid DNA to unequivocally show that ST882S and ST931R had identical chromosomes, both having 206 identical single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) versus S. Typhimurium 14028s. We assembled a complete circular genome for ST931R, to which ST882S reads mapped with no SNPs. ST882S and ST931R were isogenic except for the presence of three additional plasmids in ST931R. ST931R and the E. coli transconjugant were ceftriaxone resistant due to the presence of a 60.5-kb IS26-flanked, bla CTX-M-27 -encoding IncFII plasmid. Compared to 14082s, ST931R has almost identical Gifsy-1, Gifsy-2, and ST64B prophages, lacks Gifsy-3, and instead carries a unique Fels-2 prophage related to that found in LT2. ST882S and ST931R both had a 94-kb virulence plasmid showing >99% identity with pSLT14028s and a cryptic 3,904-bp replicon; ST931R also has cryptic 93-kb IncI1 and 62-kb IncI2 group plasmids. To the best of our knowledge, in vivo acquisition of extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase resistance by S. Typhimurium and bla CTX-M-27 genes in U.S. isolates of Salmonella have not previously been reported. G reater than 1.4 million cases of nontyphoidal salmonellosis are estimated to occur each year in the United States, with approximately 95% of cases resulting from foodborne transmission (1). Although most infections result in mild to moderate gastroenteritis that usually resolves with or without treatment, concurrent bacteremia is observed in approximately 6% of patients and can be associated with serious disease, especially in infants aged Ͻ1 year, the elderly, and those with immunocompromised states such as HIV infection (2-5). Although routine use of antimicrobial therapy is not generally recommended for the treatment of most Salmonella infections, such therapy may be lifesaving in persons with invasive disease.Treatment of invasive salmonellosis has been compromised in recent years due to the emergence of Salmonella isolates with single or multidrug resistance to a number of first-line agents (6, 7). Antimicrobial resistance in strains of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) has been linked to the use of antimicrobial agents in livestock (8-11). Consequently, agents such as fluoroquinolones and third generation cephalosporins, such as ceftriaxone, have become treatment modalities of choice for therapy against severe Salmonella infections. In the United States before 1996, all reported cases of infection with ceftriaxone-resistant NTS isolates were known o...

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“…In their report, CTX-M enzymes increased in prevalence from 25% in 2000 to 70% in 2006 among the collected ESBL-producing isolates. CTX-M-55-producing Salmonella isolates have only been reported rarely (18,19). CTX-M-55 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Abscess Caused by CTX-M-55-type Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>

et al. 2014

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Liver abscesses secondary to Salmonella species are rarely described in the general population. We herein describe a case of a liver abscess caused by CTX-M-55-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enteritidis, which has not been reported in the literature. A 54-year-old male was admitted due to a high fever and was clinically diagnosed with a liver abscess. Culture of the fluid from the liver abscess revealed CTX-M-55-type ESBL-producing S. enteritidis. Although the patient underwent percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage and antibiotic therapy, he died one month later. It should be noted that liver abscesses are potentially fatal depending on the causative pathogen.

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CTX-M–producing Non-TyphiSalmonellaspp. Isolated from Humans, United States

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Long-Term Dissemination of CTX-M-5-Producing Hypermutable Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 328 Strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan

Long-Term Dissemination of CTX-M-5-Producing Hypermutable Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 328 Strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan

Whole-Genome Sequencing Identifies In Vivo Acquisition of a bla _CTX-M-27 -Carrying IncFII Transmissible Plasmid as the Cause of Ceftriaxone Treatment Failure for an Invasive Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection

Liver Abscess Caused by CTX-M-55-type Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>

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CTX-M–producing Non-TyphiSalmonellaspp. Isolated from Humans, United States

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Long-Term Dissemination of CTX-M-5-Producing Hypermutable Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 328 Strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan

Long-Term Dissemination of CTX-M-5-Producing Hypermutable Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 328 Strains in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan

Whole-Genome Sequencing Identifies In Vivo Acquisition of a bla CTX-M-27 -Carrying IncFII Transmissible Plasmid as the Cause of Ceftriaxone Treatment Failure for an Invasive Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection

Liver Abscess Caused by CTX-M-55-type Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>

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Whole-Genome Sequencing Identifies In Vivo Acquisition of a bla _CTX-M-27 -Carrying IncFII Transmissible Plasmid as the Cause of Ceftriaxone Treatment Failure for an Invasive Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection