Cu and Fe chalcopyrite leach activation energies and the effect of added Fe3+

Kaplun, K.; Li, J.; Kawashima, Nobuyuki; Gerson, Andrea R.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.07.003

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Improved knowledge of chalcopyrite dissolution kinetics and mechanisms is of both geochemical and industrial interest [2][3][4][5]. Chalcopyrite is one of the most difficult minerals to process economically [6] with Cu primarily produced pyrometallurgically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Wei

Qian

et al. 2016

Minerals

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Abstract:To better understand chalcopyrite leach mechanisms and kinetics, for improved Cu extraction during hydrometallurgical processing, chalcopyrite leaching has been conducted at solution redox potential 750 mV, 35-75˝C, and pH 1.0 with and without aqueous iron addition, and pH 1.5 and 2.0 without aqueous iron addition. The activation energy (E a ) values derived indicate chalcopyrite dissolution is initially surface chemical reaction controlled, which is associated with the activities of Fe 3+ and H + with reaction orders of 0.12 and´0.28, respectively. A surface diffusion controlled mechanism is proposed for the later leaching stage with correspondingly low E a values. Surface analyses indicate surface products (predominantly S n 2´a nd S 0 ) did not inhibit chalcopyrite dissolution, consistent with the increased surface area normalised leach rate during the later stage. The addition of aqueous iron plays an important role in accelerating Cu leaching rates, especially at lower temperature, primarily by reducing the length of time of the initial surface chemical reaction controlled stage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Wei

Qian

et al. 2016

Minerals

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“…However, the effect of pyrite at these two Eh conditions (i.e., 650 and 750 mV SHE) is not yet well understood. Hence, better understanding of chalcopyrite dissolution behaviour, in the presence of pyrite as a function Eh is of geochemical and industrial importance for minimising AMD and optimising Cu extraction during hydrometallurgical processing, respectively [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chalcopyrite Dissolution at 650 mV and 750 mV in the Presence of Pyrite

Qian

et al. 2015

Metals

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Abstract:The dissolution of chalcopyrite in association with pyrite in mine waste results in the severe environmental issue of acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD). To better understand chalcopyrite dissolution, and the impact of chalcopyrite's galvanic interaction with pyrite, chalcopyrite dissolution has been examined at 75 °C, pH 1.0, in the presence of quartz (as an inert mineral) and pyrite. The presence of pyrite increased the chalcopyrite dissolution rate by more than five times at Eh of 650 mV (SHE) (Cu recovery 2.5 cf. 12% over 132 days) due to galvanic interaction between chalcopyrite and pyrite. Dissolution of Cu and Fe was stoichiometric and no pyrite dissolved. Although the chalcopyrite dissolution rate at 750 mV (SHE) was approximately four-fold greater (Cu recovery of 45% within 132 days) as compared to at 650 mV in the presence of pyrite, the galvanic interaction between chalcopyrite and pyrite was negligible. Approximately all of the sulfur from the leached chalcopyrite was converted to S 0 at 750 mV, regardless of the presence of pyrite.At this Eh approximately 60% of the sulfur associated with pyrite dissolution was oxidised to S 0 and the remaining 40% was released in soluble forms, e.g., SO42− . OPEN ACCESSMetals 2015, 5 1567

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“…At ambient temperatures, the dissolution of chalcopyrite is limited and generally very minimal, and [64] suggests that the initial kinetic rate can be ignored under these conditions because the sulphur or sulphur-rich product layer forms quickly. Kaplun et al [67] used kinetic rate and shrinking core analysis to investigate the activation energies associated with chalcopyrite leaching at moderate temperature. In this formulation, it is assumed that the rate-determining step in the reaction kinetics is the transport of electrons through the elemental sulphur or sulphur-rich layer.…”

Section: Chalcopyrite Rate Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heap Leaching: Modelling and Forecasting Using CFD Technology

McBride

Gebhardt²,

Croft

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Heap leach operations typically employ some form of modelling and forecasting tools to predict cash flow margins and project viability. However, these vary from simple spreadsheets to phenomenological models, with more complex models not commonly employed as they require the greatest amount of time and effort. Yet, accurate production modelling and forecasting are essential for managing production and potentially critical for successful operation of a complex heap, time and effort spent in setting up modelling tools initially may increase profitability in the long term. A brief overview of various modelling approaches is presented, but this paper focuses on the capabilities of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Advances in computational capability allow for complex CFD models, coupled with leach kinetic models, to be applied to complex ore bodies. In this paper a comprehensive hydrodynamic CFD model is described and applied to chalcopyrite dissolution under heap operating conditions. The model is parameterized against experimental data and validated against a range of experimental leach tests under different thermal conditions. A three-dimensional 'virtual' heap, under fluctuating meteorological conditions, is simulated. Continuous and intermittent irrigation is investigated, showing copper recovery per unit volume of applied leach solution to be slightly increased for pulse irrigation.

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Cu and Fe chalcopyrite leach activation energies and the effect of added Fe3+

Cited by 48 publications

References 49 publications

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Kinetics and Mechanisms of Chalcopyrite Dissolution at Controlled Redox Potential of 750 mV in Sulfuric Acid Solution

Chalcopyrite Dissolution at 650 mV and 750 mV in the Presence of Pyrite

Heap Leaching: Modelling and Forecasting Using CFD Technology

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