Cu cluster embedded porous nanofibers for high-performance CO2 electroreduction

Size effects of supported Cu-based catalysts for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction

“…The strong interaction between Cu clusters and carbon defects can further regulate the electronic structure of Cu clusters and improve the stability of Cu clusters and the selectivity of CH 4 . Subsequently, a porous nanofiber-supported Cu cluster used as a catalyst (MCP-500) for the CO 2 RR was reported by Xin et al 66 Structural tests show that the fiber morphology with uniformly dispersed Cu clusters and excellent electrical conductivity can effectively reduce CO 2 to CO. The FE CO reaches 98% at −0.8 V, and remains above 95% after 10 h of stability test.…”

Controllable Preparation, Working Mechanisms, and Actual Application of Various One-Dimensional Nanomaterials as Catalysts for CO2RR: A Review

“…(A) Flowchart of Co 3 O 4 nanofiber preparation, Copyright 2018, Elsevier; (B), schematic of Cu cluster-doped porous nanofiber synthesis (MCP-500), Copyright 2022, Elsevier; (C), (a) schematic of N-doped carbon nanofiber electrocatalyst fabrication for HCOOH and CO production of Sn-modified N-doped carbon nanofiber electrocatalysts, (b) SEM images, (c) bright-field TEM images of Sn-CF 1000 composites, (d, e) dark-field STEM images at different magnifications, (f) HRTEM images, and (g) STEM-EDS mapping results of individual nanofibers, (h, i) Sn-CF 1000 high-resolution Sn 3d and N 1s XPS spectra, Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH Verlag; (D 1 ), elemental maps corresponding to SEM, (b) TEM, (c) STEM, and (d) of Co 0.75 Ni 0.25 /N–C NF are shown, Copyright 2019, Elsevier; (D 2 ), (a) PDOS of d-band for Co x Ni 1– x alloy, binding energy (in eV) of (b)*COOH, (c)*CO, (d)*H on Co x Ni 1– x (111) facet, and free energy diagram of (e) CO 2 RR and (f) HER on Co x Ni 1– x (111) facet, Copyright 2019, Elsevier; (E 1 ), Top-view SEM images of (a) PVDF membrane, (b) Sn/Cu-PVDF electrode, (c) cross-sectional SEM image of Sn/Cu-PVDF nanofibers, (d) high-resolution SEM image from the selected region in (c), (e) Scheme of the composition of each layer of a Sn/Cu-PVDF nanofiber, (f) Measured and simulated CO 2 pressure drops through a Sn/Cu-PVDF electrode, and (g) CO 2 pressure field for an 85.7 Pa pressure drop through the electrode at a face velocity of 80 cm min –1 , Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH Verlag; (E 2 ), (a) Scheme and (b) cross-sectional SEM image of a Sn/Cu-PVDF/AEM assembly used for electrocatalytic reduction of gaseous CO 2 , (c) cyclic voltammograms of the Sn/Cu-PVDF GDE measured with continuous CO 2 or Ar gas flow to the GDE, Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH Verlag; (E 3 ), (a) Faradaic efficiencies, (b) current densities, and (c) production rates for electrochemical CO 2 reduction at a Sn/Cu-PVDF GDE at −0.6 to −1.2 V, (d) chronoamperogram and (e) faradaic efficiencies for a Sn/Cu-PVDF GDE during a 135 h stability test, Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH Verlag; (F), fabrication of 1D In-doped SnO 2 hollow nanofiber catalyst, (a) schematic illustration of hollow nanofibers synthesis process and working as cathode in EHPR, (b, c) SEM images, (d, e) TEM images, (f) HR-TEM images, and (g) scanning transmission electron microscopy–EDS mapping of NF In–SnO 2 , Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society; (G), schematic of Cu/CeO x @CNFs catalysts synthesis, Copyright 2020, Elsevier Inc.; (H 1 ), schematic illustration for synthesis of porous hollow nanofiber (HNF) catalysts, microscopic images indicate an actual SnO 2 /ZnO HNF catalyst, Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society; and (H 2 ), schematic diagram and Faraday efficiency of SnO 2 /ZnO HNF electrocatalyst, Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society.…”

“…The abundant active sites provided by the large specific surface area of the nanofibers can contribute to the stability of CO production. Similarly, Xin et al also have prepared porous nanofibers (MCP) doped with Cu clusters by using the carbonized electrospun MOF/PAN nanofibers as shown in Figure B. The synergistic effect between the layered graphene skeleton and uniformly dispersed Cu clusters can significantly enhance electron and mass transfer.…”

In Situ Reconstruction of Cu–N Coordinated MOFs to Generate Dispersive Cu/Cu2O Nanoclusters for Selective Electroreduction of CO2to C2H4

“…The alkaline microenvironment during the CO 2 RR rapidly breaks the Cu–O coordination bonds, leading to rapid aggregation of in situ generated Cu-based nanoclusters, gradually losing the CO 2 RR activity. Meanwhile, Cu–N coordination is more stable than the Cu–O coordination, which is attributed to the matching between Cu 2+ as a borderline acid and N-heterocycle as borderline bases. − It is well known that the Cu–N 4 node of Cu-porphyrin and Cu-phthalocyanine in MOFs has been widely studied in the field of CO 2 RR. − However, this stable single-atom Cu exhibits high selectivity for C 1 , making it difficult to achieve C–C coupling to obtain C 2+ products. , To generate uniformly dispersed and highly active Cu nanoclusters for C 2+ products in the CO 2 RR, the MOF precursor is screened with the above considerations. Finally, the Cu–N coordinated MOF with the N-heterocycle ligand is chosen because the Cu–N coordination bond formed by Cu­(II) and N-heterocyclic ligand exhibits intermediate strength between Cu–O coordination and Cu-porphyrin.…”