Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub>thin film solar cells with 5.8% conversion efficiency obtained by a facile spray pyrolysis technique

Nguyen, Thi Hiep; Septina, Wilman; Fujikawa, Shotaro; Jiang, Feng; Harada, Takashi; Ikeda, Shigeru

doi:10.1039/c5ra13000j

Cited by 64 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As expected from the results of the Raman and XRD analyses, the Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 film obtained from the precursor solution containing stoichiometric amounts of Cu, Zn, and Sn ions (Cu concentration of 23 mmol dm −3 ) was slightly Cu‐rich. Based on the fact that the content of the Sn in the film was lower than that of the stoichiometric composition, the observed compositional deviation was caused by a reduction of the Sn component induced by evaporation during the annealing process, as discussed in our previous report . Compared to the Cu‐rich/Sn‐poor Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 film, a gradual decrease in the Cu content was observed when we used precursor solutions with Cu concentrations lower than the stoichiometric composition, whereas the Sn and Zn content (or Zn/Sn ratio) were almost constant irrespective of the change in Cu concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently reported the successful fabrication of solar cells with a maximum η of 5.8 % based on a Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 film deposited by a facile spray pyrolysis technique using stable aqueous precursor solutions . The use of an Sn‐rich composition of the precursor solution as well as the use of adequate post annealing at a high temperature (600 °C) for a sufficient duration (30 min) led to efficient grain growth, which is the main reason that high η values were achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Most of the efficient solar cells using kesterite compounds reported in the literature are based on Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 thin films with S/Se ratios of less than 0.35 [i.e., using selenium‐rich Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 mixed compounds] . However, it should be more beneficial to use the pure sulfide form (Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 ) without the highly toxic and less abundant selenium …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films

et al. 2016

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Pure sulfide Cu2 ZnSnS4 thin films were fabricated on Mo-coated glass substrates by facile spray deposition of aqueous precursor solutions containing Cu(NO3 )2 , Zn(NO3 )2 , Sn(CH3 SO3 )2 , and thiourea followed by annealing at 600 °C. When a precursor solution containing a stoichiometric composition of Cu, Zn, and Sn was used, the resulting Cu2 ZnSnS4 thin film contained a Cu2-x S impurity phase owing to the evaporation of Sn components during the annealing process. The Cu2-x S impurity in the Cu2 ZnSnS4 thin film was removed by reducing the concentration of Cu in the precursor solution. This resulted in an improvement of the structural features (i.e., grain sizes and compactness) as well as the electric properties such as acceptor densities, the nature of the acceptor defects, and carrier lifetimes. A solar cell based on the Cu2 ZnSnS4 film with an empirically optimal composition showed conversion efficiency of 8.1 %. The value achieved was one of the best efficiencies of Cu2 ZnSnS4 -based cells derived from a non-vacuum process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films

et al. 2016

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“…Nguyen et al reported 5.8% power conversion efficiency for CZTS absorber‐based thin film solar cell by preparing an aqueous solution containing the nitrate form of 0.019 M copper, 0.009 M zinc, 0.0125 M tin methanesulphonate, and 0.06 M thiourea at a pH of 1.5. The grown film was annealed in the temperature range of 853 to 873 K for a duration of 10 to 50 minutes together with 20 mg of sulfur.…”

Section: Effect Of Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

et al. 2019

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Summary The progress of solar cell technology in the development of clean and economic quaternary compound copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS)‐based absorber thin films using the spray pyrolysis technique are presented in this review. CZTS (Cu2ZnSnS4) is the only potential competitor for the existing solar thin film absorbing materials owing to its environment‐friendly Earth abundant constituents. Even though different nonvacuum thin film technologies have been developed for the large area fabrication of this nontoxic absorber material, spray pyrolysis technique offers more versatility in changing the process parameters which has a direct impact on the cell efficiency. It can be used for depositing a wide variety of materials even with complex composition with good crystallinity, and the method has the advantage of being flexible and straightforward to design and can be quickly adopted for extensive area deposition. A survey on the effects of experimental conditions as well as the nature of precursors on the structural, morphological, electrical, and optical properties on the spray pyrolyzed CZTS thin films is discussed in detail. This analysis certainly could provide a potential to obtain new insights in the fabrication of high‐efficiency CZTS‐based solar cells and to launch it into the commercial market to satisfy the ever‐growing future energy demand.

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“…In addition, selenization is totally avoided, thus it is environmental positive. Other routes based on nanoparticles 23 , solvothermal [24][25][26] , rotatory ball milling 27 , microwave 28 , hot-injection 25,[29][30][31][32] or non-injection methods 33 , spray pyrolisis 34 have been also applied, but with inferior effectiveness for CZTSSe production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Easy and low-cost aqueous precipitation method to obtain Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 thin layers

Martí

Lyubenova

Roures

et al. 2017

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Abstract:An easy method to obtain kesterite Cu2ZnSn(Se1-x,Sx)4 (CZTSSe) solid solution as an absorber for thin film photovoltaic solar cells is discussed in this report. Particular emphasis is directed toward the procedure´s steps of the CZTSSe preparation, as well as its structure and properties. For the preparation of CZTSSe an easy, low-cost and sustainable aqueous precipitation method that included chemical transformations of metal selenite precipitate, its reduction to metal selenides and further crystallization of kesterite, is applied. This procedure is more viable as avoids the use of selenization treatment and thus generation of toxic vapors and employs water as a solvent instead of organic compounds. In addition, the proposed procedure is very attractive way of preparation for industrial large-scale fabrication of the most promising absorber candidates for photovoltaic thin film solar cells.Kesterite CZTSSe solid solution has been prepared and characterized in terms of chemical composition, structural and morphological transformations, as well as optical and electrical properties, confirming the viability and effectiveness of the applied process.The optimal electrical parameters obtained of the device are 21.5 mA/cm2, 532 mV, 42.8%., and 4.9% to short circuit current (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and efficiency (Eff.) respectively. Detailed description of each procedure steps and full characterization of the products, starting from as-prepared, intermediate and final compound is also exposed that could be very useful for any experimental scientist.2

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Cu₂ZnSnS₄thin film solar cells with 5.8% conversion efficiency obtained by a facile spray pyrolysis technique

Abstract: A CZTS-based thin film solar cell with a powder conversion efficiency of 5.8% was obtained by using facile spray pyrolysis deposition followed by annealing.

Cited by 64 publications

References 41 publications

Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films

Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film

Easy and low-cost aqueous precipitation method to obtain Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 thin layers

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Cu2ZnSnS4thin film solar cells with 5.8% conversion efficiency obtained by a facile spray pyrolysis technique

Abstract: A CZTS-based thin film solar cell with a powder conversion efficiency of 5.8% was obtained by using facile spray pyrolysis deposition followed by annealing.

Cited by 64 publications

References 41 publications

Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films

Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 chalcogenide absorber thin film

Easy and low-cost aqueous precipitation method to obtain Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 thin layers

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Cu₂ZnSnS₄thin film solar cells with 5.8% conversion efficiency obtained by a facile spray pyrolysis technique

Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films

Impact of Precursor Compositions on the Structural and Photovoltaic Properties of Spray‐Deposited Cu₂ZnSnS₄ Thin Films

A review on growth optimization of spray pyrolyzed Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ chalcogenide absorber thin film