Cu-Ti (Copper-Titanium)

Microstructure of Hot-Deformed Cu-3Ti Alloy

“…Currently, the best substitutes for beryllium bronzes seem to be binary Cu-Ti or multicomponent CuTi-X alloys that demonstrate mechanical properties and conductivity comparable to those of beryllium bronzes [15][16][17]. These alloys are suitable for precipitation hardening due to variable titanium solubility in solid copper [6,7,9,11,15,16,[18][19][20]. It is estimated that over the next decade, these alloys, also called titanium bronzes or titanium copper, will effectively replace beryllium bronzes in most present applications.…”

“…The performance characteristics of titanium bronzes result from the titanium content, the size of matrix (coppertitanium solid solution) grain, overall deformation during cold working and morphologies of generated (during solution heat treatment and aging) dispersed precipitates of intermetallic phases [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The matrix grain size, created during the hot working processes, markedly determines properties of titanium bronze semi-finished and finished products, affecting the course and effect of cold working as well as subsequent solution heat treatment and aging [2,7,23,24].…”

Carbon Nanotube Based Systems for High Energy Efficient Applications

“…Hence, formation of an intermetallic, at the interface, is expected to offer two benefits -better conductivity and stronger bonding. Introduction of Cu at the interface, in all these samples, favored formation of Cu-Ti intermetallic phase at the interface [35].…”

“…In last decade, carbon nanotube (CNT) was proposed as an excellent field emission material. Emission current and total energy distribution from different crystallographic planes of tungsten, with and without various gas adsorption on them [15][16][17][18][19] Experimental and theoretical analysis of emission of hot electrons [20] Field emission from tungsten nanowire [21] Multistage tungsten oxide nanowire and its field emission under poor vacuum condition [22] Carbon Field emission response from sharpened micro-size carbon fiber [23] Field emission from micro-and nano-sized diamond emitter arrays [24][25][26][27] Field emission from single wall-and multi wall-carbon nanotubes, in the form of arrays or individual nanotube [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Field emission from single-layer, multi-layer and thick graphene structures [43][44][45][46][47][48][49] Silicon Large-area arrays of sharply-pointed field emitters on Si wafers [50] Molybdenum Closely packed arrays of micro-size Mo cones [51] Field emission from single crystalline MoO 3 nanobelts [52] Aluminum nitride…”

“…Further, Xu et al [32] reported an inexpensive and controllable process to produce uniform and high density of carbon nanotube emitters on large substrate surfaces. Device, prepared by them, has shown 100-1000 mA cm by replacing conventional thermionic cathodes by multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) [35]. These exciting new device performances were quickly followed by application of new structures -such as CNTs grown on pointed tungsten tips [36], carbon nanofibers [37], single MWCNT [38].…”