Cubic mesoporous Pd–WO<sub>3</sub> loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids: highly sensitive and temperature dependent VOC sensors

Malik, Ritu; Tomer, Vijay K.; Dankwort, Torben; Mishra, Yogendra Kumar; Kienle, Lorenz

doi:10.1039/c8ta02702a

Cited by 154 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In the work by Kienle et al m-CN doped with Pd-WO 3 nanocomposite was synthesized for the first time, using KIT-6 as a hard template. The material was showcased for efficient room temperature-sensing and detection of hazardous VOCs such as formaldehyde, toluene, acetone and ethanol that are usually found in the indoor environment [49]. Tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) is a well-known n-type semiconductor with various tunable properties convenient in modulating the 2-D and 3-D materials for gas sensing.…”

Section: Fig 7 (A-c) Tem Images and (D) N 2 Sorption Isotherms Of 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials Based on Mesoporous Silica

et al. 2018

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Diverse hard template synthetic methodologies are being employed for the synthesis of mesostructured metal oxide and carbon nanomaterials, with the application of mesoporous silica as the hard template. We describe the main differences and advantages/disadvantages between the soft and hard templated synthetic routes, provide an overview of the synthesis and characteristics of different templating mesoporous silica nanomaterials and discuss on practical aspects of the hard template synthetic methodology for obtaining various metal-oxide and carbon-based mesostructured nanomaterials. Also, we cover various recent applications of thus constructed mesostructured metal oxide and carbon nanomaterials, such as sensing, energy storage, fuel cells, and catalysis, which demonstrate the highly promising character of the hard template methodology for the synthesis of a new generation of nanomaterials with broad application potential.

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Section: Fig 7 (A-c) Tem Images and (D) N 2 Sorption Isotherms Of 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials Based on Mesoporous Silica

et al. 2018

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“…These application perspectives could be attributed to their outstanding physico‐chemical properties such as basicity, low density, good chemical/thermal stability, and tunable electronic parameters . Furthermore, the properties of nanostructured carbon nitrides could be modified with relative ease by altering their composition and morphology and devising suitable co‐hybrids . Recently, the engineering of these materials into highly developed porous nanostructures with specific morphology, high specific surface areas (SSAs), and rich content of basic functionalities have also marked their huge potential as CO 2 adsorbents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Carbon Nitrides for CO₂ Capture and Conversion

et al. 2019

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Carbon nitride (CN), a 2D material composed of only carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), which are linked by strong covalent bonds, has been used as a metal-devoid and visible-light-active photocatalyst owing to its magnificent optoelectronic and physicochemical properties including suitable bandgap, adjustable energy-band positions, tailor-made surface functionalities, low cost, metal-free nature, and high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stabilities. CN-based materials possess a lot of advantages over conventional metal-based inorganic photocatalysts including ease of synthesis and processing, versatile functionalization or doping, flexibility for surface engineering, low cost, sustainability, and recyclability without any leaching of toxic metals from photocorrosion. Carbon nitrides and their hybrid materials have emerged as attractive candidates for CO 2 capture and its reduction into clean and green low-carbon fuels and valuable chemical feedstock by using sustainable and intermittent renewable energy sources of sunlight and electricity through the heterogeneous photo(electro) catalysis. Here, the latest research results in this field are summarized, including implementation of novel functionalized nanostructured CNs and their hybrid heterostructures in meeting the stringent requirements to raise the efficiency of the CO 2 reduction process by using state-of-the-art photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and feedstock reactions. The research in this field is primarily focused on advancement in the synthesis of nanostructured and functionalized CN-based hybrid heterostructured materials. More importantly, the recent past has seen a surge in studies focusing significantly on exploring the mechanism of their application perspectives, which include the behavior of the materials for the absorption of light, charge separation, and pathways for the transport of CO 2 during the reduction process.

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“…Nitrogen (N 2 ) adsorption–desorption isotherms of KIT‐6 ( Figure a) shows typical type‐IV curves with an H1‐type hysteresis loop identified as the typical characteristic of mesostructure. However, the nanocasted materials show a significant reduction effect on the mesostructure and the corresponding physicochemical properties, which is also evident according to the BET results, as presented in Table S1 of the Supporting Information. There are obvious hysteresis loops within the P/P 0 ranges of 0.4‐1, which are associated with the filling and emptying of mesopores by capillary condensation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Near‐Room‐Temperature Ethanol Gas Sensor Based on Mesoporous Ag/Zn–LaFeO₃ Nanocomposite

Chen

Wang

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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detecting ethanol along with response of 53 (50 ppm) at 275 °C. [6] Mesoscale porosity makes a significant contribution to obtaining high response in MOS because of the facile penetration of gas molecules. [7] A number of efforts have been made to synthesize mesoporous materials, [8][9][10][11] one of which involved the nanocast mesostructured metal oxides synthesized by hard template. Compared to soft template and sacrificial colloidal template methods, the hard template can provide a relatively stable matrix during heat treatment over a larger temperature range, as a result, it helps MOS show higher crystallinity. [12] Recently, it has been reported that hetero nanostructures consisting of two or more components with noble metals decorated can improve the sensing performance. [13,14] To improve the gas sensing performance of metal oxides, noble metals, such as Ag, Pd, Pt, and Au are commonly regarded as catalyst, especially, Ag is able to weaken the adsorption and the desorption energy of ethanol molecules on the surface by promoting the electron conduction properties, [15] thus it enables the analyte to access the activated surface. Perovskite type (ABO 3 , where A is rare earth and B is transition metal) MOS have attracted considerable attentions in applications of catalysis, [16] renewable energy storage, [17] and gas sensors [18] due to their numerous favorable physical/chemical properties. Among various perovskite type materials, LaFeO 3 shows considerably sensitive to reducing gases such as ethanol, [19] acetone, [20] and formaldehyde. [21] However, pure LaFeO 3 have some deficiencies such as high resistance, high working temperature, and poor selectivity. Ag/LaFeO 3 has been investigated to detect VOCs at low temperature (<200 °C) according to our previous work. Zhang et al. reported Ag/LaFeO 3 showed excellent gassensing properties to formaldehyde gas. At the optimal working temperature of 90 °C, the response of the sensor to 1 ppm formaldehyde is 25. [22] In addition, it was reported that the substitution of La 3+ in the LaFeO 3 compound by the lower-valent cations, such as Mg 2+ , [23] Ba 2+ , [24] Ca 2+ , [25] Sr 2+ , [26] and Pb 2+ , [27] could significantly improve gas sensing properties of materials, especially gas response and selectivity.In this study, mesoporous Ag/Zn-LaFeO 3 nanocomposites have been synthesized via a simple nanocasting technique shown in Figure 1. This kind of composite not only possesses a highly active and large surface area for ethanol recognition,The rational design of heterojunction between different metal oxides with mesoporous structures has attracted tremendous attention due to their special physicochemical properties and vital importance for practical applications. In this paper, mesoporous Ag/Zn-LaFeO 3 nanocomposite is successfully synthesized through a facile nanocasting technique using KIT-6 as a hard template in sol-gel route and used as sensing materials to achieve an exceptionally sensitive and selective detection of trace ppm-level ethanol. The obtained compos...

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Cubic mesoporous Pd–WO₃ loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids: highly sensitive and temperature dependent VOC sensors

Abstract: The Pd–WO3/m-CN sensor, exhibits enhanced response/recovery times to 25 ppm VOCs and formaldehyde under fluctuating humidity conditions.

Cited by 154 publications

References 57 publications

Hard Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials Based on Mesoporous Silica

Hard Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials Based on Mesoporous Silica

Nanostructured Carbon Nitrides for CO₂ Capture and Conversion

Near‐Room‐Temperature Ethanol Gas Sensor Based on Mesoporous Ag/Zn–LaFeO₃ Nanocomposite

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Cubic mesoporous Pd–WO3 loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids: highly sensitive and temperature dependent VOC sensors

Abstract: The Pd–WO3/m-CN sensor, exhibits enhanced response/recovery times to 25 ppm VOCs and formaldehyde under fluctuating humidity conditions.

Cited by 154 publications

References 57 publications

Hard Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials Based on Mesoporous Silica

Hard Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials Based on Mesoporous Silica

Nanostructured Carbon Nitrides for CO2 Capture and Conversion

Near‐Room‐Temperature Ethanol Gas Sensor Based on Mesoporous Ag/Zn–LaFeO3 Nanocomposite

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Product

Resources

About

Cubic mesoporous Pd–WO₃ loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids: highly sensitive and temperature dependent VOC sensors

Nanostructured Carbon Nitrides for CO₂ Capture and Conversion

Near‐Room‐Temperature Ethanol Gas Sensor Based on Mesoporous Ag/Zn–LaFeO₃ Nanocomposite