Cubic Nonlinearity of Tellurite and Chalcogenide Glasses: Terahertz-Field-Induced Second Harmonic Generation vs. Optical Kerr Effect

Abstract

Third-order nonlinear susceptibilities χ(3)(−2ω;ω,ω,0) and χ(3)(−ω;ω,-ω,ω) responsible for electric-field-induced second harmonic generation and the optical Kerr effect were measured and directly compared for tellurite and chalcogenide glasses. The nonlinear coefficients were found by measuring the second harmonic radiation from samples under the action of an external field of terahertz pulses and by the classical z-scan technique, respectively. The influence of ambient air and helium gas on second harmonic generation was analyzed. It was demonstrated that both susceptibilities χ(3)(−2ω;ω,ω,0) and χ(3)(−ω;ω,-ω,ω) have close absolute values, which shows the dominant role of nonresonant electronic nonlinearity in the studied glasses.

Comprehensive Numerical Analysis of Temperature Sensitivity of Spherical Microresonators Based on Silica and Soft Glasses

“…Soft glasses usually have a much lower phonon energy and a wider transparency range than fused silica, thus allowing lasing in spectral regions that are unavailable for regular silica-based systems [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Chalcogenide and tellurite glasses exhibit enormous Kerr and Raman nonlinearities [ 17 , 18 ]. This makes them an exceptional platform for nonlinear wave conversion applications in a wide parameter range, including supercontinuum generation [ 17 , 19 , 20 ], Raman soliton generation [ 21 ], continuous-wave Raman generation [ 22 ], generation of optical frequency combs [ 23 , 24 ], all-optical switching [ 25 ], ultrafast metrology [ 26 ], sensing and biosensing [ 27 ], etc.…”

Optimization and Dispersion Tailoring of Chalcogenide M-Type Fibers Using a Modified Genetic Algorithm

“…For expanding the operation range well beyond 2 µm, other materials for fiber fabrication are required. Suitable materials are chalcogenide soft glasses with a nonlinear refractive index (n 2 ) 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than n 2 of silica glass [4][5][6][7]. Chalcogenide glasses are composed of chalcogens (S, Se, and Te) and other chemical elements such as As, Ga, Sb, Ge, and/or others [5].…”