Pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials have been widely used in optical materials, materiobiology, and sensing devices in recent years due to their long-lifetime emission and low production costs. Room-temperature phosphorescent polymers with dynamic and controllable properties have rich extensibility, and they are becoming the new favorite of intelligent luminescent materials. In this work, a dynamic covalent bond was introduced into an amorphous polymer with room-temperature phosphorescent properties. The polymers were modified by a [2 + 2] photocyclization reaction. After photoreaction, not only did the luminescent color of the polymer change, but also the morphology of the polymer changed from a linear structure to a two-dimensional network structure, and the phosphorescence quantum yields and lifetimes of the polymers were significantly improved. This research provides a new idea for the design and development of controllable smart room-temperature phosphorescent materials.