Cucurbitacins and the Immune System: Update in Research on Anti-
inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms

Silvestre, Geovana Ferreira Guedes; Lucena, Renally Pereira de; Alves, Harley da Silva

doi:10.2174/0929867329666220107153253

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Importantly, we observed that CuE-treated diabetic rats retained the capacity to recognize the familiar object, indicating that the cognitive de cit is attributable to the diabetic phenotype. We suggest that the improved cognitive score in the CuE-treated rats may be attributed to the anti-in ammatory, antioxidant, as well as the antidiabetic property of CuE [29][30] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cucurbitacin E Modulates the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Ameliorate Prefrontal Cortex Pathology in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Abayomi,

Olaniyan,

Tokunbo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In type 2 diabetes triggered by insulin resistance, cerebrovascular diseases, stroke, and neurodegenerative dementia are associated. Understanding Cucurbitacin E's (CuE) effects on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways in insulin resistance-induced neurodegeneration remains essential. Using 48 adult Wistar rats, six groups were formed: A = control; B = STZ-induced diabetes (60 mg/kg); C = STZ (60 mg/kg) + CuE (0.5 mg/kg); D = STZ (60 mg/kg) + Metformin (150 mg/kg); E = CuE only (0.5 mg/kg); and F = Metformin only (150 mg/kg). CuE's impact on insulin resistance, neuronal morphology in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), neurobehavioral changes, neuroinflammation, and PI3K/AKT signaling in the PFC was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05 was considered significant). CuE significantly reduced blood glucose and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance linked to cognitive impairment and PFC architectural changes was mitigated by CuE. It also regulated inflammatory cytokines and prevented neuronal death. CuE improved impaired PI3K/AKT activity in the model. Cucurbitacin E showed promise in mitigating dementia caused by hyperglycemia in the prefrontal cortex. It notably reduced nuclei fragmentation, neuroinflammation, and normalized the PI3K/AKT insulin signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cucurbitacin E Modulates the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Ameliorate Prefrontal Cortex Pathology in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Abayomi,

Olaniyan,

Tokunbo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory action is the pharmacological activities that have received the greatest attention in the Cucurbitaceae family, where anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory potential has been studied recently. Mechanisms of the inhibition of COX-2, NOS, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and modulation of acquired immunity proteins are highly focused and can also be studied in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, which also works on a similar mechanism [62].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The promising guide to LC–MS analysis and cholinesterase activity of Luffa cylindrica (L.) fruit using in vitro and in-silico analyses

Singh

Chitra

2023

Futur J Pharm Sci

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Background Luffa cylindrica (L.) is an annual climbing plant that produces fibrous fruit and can also be used as a vegetable in northern parts of India. Various studies have been carried out on the plant and found to have anti-inflammatory, antifungal, analgesic, anti-myocardial, anti-hyper triglyceride, immunostimulant, anti-allergic, and other properties. The ethanolic extract of the Luffa cylindrica (L.) fruit has not yet been subjected to LC–MS analysis for several bioactive chemicals that target neurological diseases. Oxidative stress is an inevitable situation in AD mechanisms and is a key bridge connecting various AD pathways. Results Luffa cylindrica contains various phytochemicals and showed highest alkaloid content of 21.39 ± 1.47 mg of AE/g. A total of 80 compounds were identified in the ethanolic extract from LC–MS analysis. The bioactive compounds were screened for eligibility by Lipinski's rule of five for docking with receptors responsible for causing oxidative stress-associated Alzheimer's disease. Perlolyrine was chosen to perform in-silico docking. An in vitro activity of cholinesterase showed highest inhibition at 500 µg/ml. In-silico docking of perlolyrine showed better binding affinity and score. Results revealed that out of 10 docked receptors, amyloid beta showed the highest binding affinity with an energy of − 46.1 kcal/mol showing promising drug for Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion Based on current findings, the study reports the presence of a promising, bioactive compound (perlolyrine) and in turn provides an optimistic note in exploring its biological activity in vivo with oxidative stress-related Alzheimer's disease.

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“…Wahid 43 demonstrated that C. sativus seeds endow with anti‐inflammatory properties due to the presence of tetracyclic terpenoids and cucurbitacins. Indeed, cucurbitacins A, B, C, D, E and I detected in seeds of different varieties of CS have the ability to suppress the pro‐inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 48 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae) seed oil prevents benzo(a)pyrene‐induced prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo

Bakam,

Pambe,

Grey

et al. 2023

Environmental Toxicology

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Despite enormous progress in modern medicine, prostate cancer (PCa) remains a major public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality. Although studies have shown in vitro antitumor effects of cucurbitacins from Cucumis sativus, the in vivo anticancer effect of the seed oil as a whole, has yet to be demonstrated. The present study evaluated the in vitro anticancer mechanisms of C. sativus (CS) seed oil and its possible chemopreventive potential on benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)‐induced PCa in Wistar rat. In vitro cell growth, clone formation, cell death mechanism, cell adhesion and migration as well as expression of integrins β‐1 and β‐4 were assessed. In vivo PCa was induced in 56 male rats versus 8 normal control rats, randomized in normal (NOR) and negative (BaP) control groups which, received distilled water; the positive control group (Caso) was treated with casodex (13.5 mg/kg BW). One group received the total seed extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg BW; while the remaining three groups were treated with CS seed oil at 42.5, 85, and 170 mg/kg BW. The endpoints were: morphologically (prostate tumor weight and volume), biochemically (total protein, prostate specific antigen (PSA), oxidative stress markers such as MDA, GSH, catalase, and SOD) and histologically. As results, CS seed oil significantly and concentration‐dependently reduced the DU145 prostate cancer cell growth and clone formation (optimum = 100 μg/mL). It slightly increased the number of apoptotic cells and inhibited the migration and invasion of DU145 cells, while it decreased their adhesion to immobilized collagen and fibrinogen. The expression of integrin β‐1 and β‐4 was increased in presence of 100 μg/mL CS oil. In vivo, the BaP significantly elevated the incidence of PC tumors (75%), the total protein and PSA levels, pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1, and IL‐6) and MDA levels compared to NOR. CS seeds oil significantly counteracted the effect of BaP by decreasing significantly the PC incidence (12.5%), and increasing the level of antioxidant (SOD, GSH, and catalase) and anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 in serum. While in BaP group PCa adenocarninoma was the most representative neoplasm, rats treated with 85 and 170 mg/kg prevented it in the light of the casodex. It is conclude that CS may provide tumor suppressive effects in vitro and in vivo which makes it an interesting candidate to support the current treatment protocol.

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Cucurbitacins and the Immune System: Update in Research on Anti- inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Cucurbitacin E Modulates the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Ameliorate Prefrontal Cortex Pathology in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Cucurbitacin E Modulates the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Ameliorate Prefrontal Cortex Pathology in Streptozocin-induced Diabetic Rats

The promising guide to LC–MS analysis and cholinesterase activity of Luffa cylindrica (L.) fruit using in vitro and in-silico analyses

Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae) seed oil prevents benzo(a)pyrene‐induced prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo

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