Culex Pipiens Fatigans Wiedemann, Wuchereria Bancrofti Cobbold, and the Economic Development of Tropical Africa

Hamon, Jacques; Burnett, G. F.; Adam, Jean-Paul; Rickenbach, André; Grjebine, A.

doi:10.1080/04345546609415392

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…pipiens in Chad. 47 Culex quinquefasciatus, known vector of lymphatic filariasis and arboviruses including WNV, has been reported in some African countries. [48][49][50] Culex perexiguus, considered a potential vector for WNV transmission in birds and horses, has recently been reported in Mali.…”

Section: Mosquitoes Collection and Morphological Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of MALDI-TOF MS for the Identification of Chad Mosquitoes and the Origin of Their Blood Meal

Diarra

Laroche

Berger

2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a clinical microbiology tool for the systematic identification of microorganisms. It has recently been presented as an innovative tool for the rapid and accurate identification of mosquitoes and their blood meal. To evaluate the capacity of this tool to identify mosquitoes collected in a tropical environment and preserved with silica gel, we analyzed 188 mosquitoes of different species collected in Chad, which were preserved with silica gel for 2 months. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis correctly identified 96% of the mosquitoes and 37.5% of their blood meals. Using MALDI-TOF MS and molecular biology, eight mosquito species were identified, including Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles rufipes, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex neavei, Culex pipiens, Culex perexiguus, Culex rima, and Culex watti. Blood meal identification revealed that mosquitoes fed mainly on humans, birds, and cows. Matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry appears to be a promising, fast, and reliable tool to identify mosquitoes and the origin of their blood meal for samples stored with silica gel.

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Section: Mosquitoes Collection and Morphological Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of MALDI-TOF MS for the Identification of Chad Mosquitoes and the Origin of Their Blood Meal

Diarra

Laroche

Berger

2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…It is the main vector in urban areas [17] but also contributes to rural transmission. Cx quinquefasciatus is also a vector of other arboviruses such as Chikungunya and West Nile Virus (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Mosquito House Entry Points as a Potential Method for Integrated Control of Endophagic Filariasis, Arbovirus and Malaria Vectors

et al. 2010

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BackgroundPartial mosquito-proofing of houses with screens and ceilings has the potential to reduce indoor densities of malaria mosquitoes. We wish to measure whether it will also reduce indoor densities of vectors of neglected tropical diseases.MethodologyThe main house entry points preferred by anopheline and culicine vectors were determined through controlled experiments using specially designed experimental huts and village houses in Lupiro village, southern Tanzania. The benefit of screening different entry points (eaves, windows and doors) using PVC-coated fibre glass netting material in terms of reduced indoor densities of mosquitoes was evaluated compared to the control.Findings23,027 mosquitoes were caught with CDC light traps; 77.9% (17,929) were Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, of which 66.2% were An. arabiensis and 33.8% An. gambiae sensu stricto. The remainder comprised 0.2% (50) An. funestus, 10.2% (2359) Culex spp. and 11.6% (2664) Mansonia spp. Screening eaves reduced densities of Anopheles gambiae s. l. (Relative ratio (RR) = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.84, 0.98; P = 0.01); Mansonia africana (RR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.26, 0.76; P<0.001) and Mansonia uniformis (RR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.25, 0.56; P<0.001) but not Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. univittatus or Cx. theileri. Numbers of these species were reduced by screening windows and doors but this was not significant.SignificanceThis study confirms that across Africa, screening eaves protects households against important mosquito vectors of filariasis, Rift Valley Fever and O'Nyong nyong as well as malaria. While full house screening is required to exclude Culex species mosquitoes, screening of eaves alone or fitting ceilings has considerable potential for integrated control of other vectors of filariasis, arbovirus and malaria.

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“…In 1965, Mouchet et al [69] wrote that "At Pointe-Noire, where (W. bancrofti) transmission is probably very low, one of us found "sausage" stages in one out of 1415 A. gambiae dissected and also one out of 2973 A. funestus". Hamon et al [70] wrote only, in another review in 1967, that "annual reports of the RoC Direction of Public Health issued between 1955 and 1961 mention many cases of LF some years, but these reports are hardly usable". No additional information is given by Sasa in 1976 [71] or by Hawking in 1977 [72].…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical overview and geographical distribution of neglected tropical diseases amenable to preventive chemotherapy in the Republic of the Congo: A systematic review

Ngatse

Ndziessi

Missamou³

et al. 2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Neglected Tropical Diseases amenable to Preventive Chemotherapy (PC-NTDs) affect the poorest populations around the world, especially in Africa. Scientific information on the distribution and level of endemicity of these diseases in the Republic of the Congo (RoC) is scarce in the published literature. We sought to collect all available epidemiological data on PC-NTDs in the RoC to document the historical and current situation and identify challenges in reaching the elimination of NTDs. Methods We searched Medline and Horizon databases for studies published until to July 4th, 2019, on onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminth infections, schistosomiasis, and trachoma in the RoC. Unpublished reports were also reviewed. We included all epidemiological studies containing community data and excluded case reports. Location, prevalence data, and dates of the studies were extracted. Principal findings We identified 933 records, of which 56 met the inclusion criteria. The articles published before 1960 mainly concerned onchocerciasis and schistosomiasis. Despite a low number over the studied period, since 2005 there has been a steady increase in the number of publications. Most of the studies were cross-sectional and conducted in the general population. Trachoma is endemic in the Sangha and Likouala departments (prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular > 5% in some villages), and further mapping is essential to properly assess the burden of this disease in the country. While the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths is still high (over 20%) in a large part of Congo, cases of lymphatic filariasis (based on Wuchereria bancrofti antigenaemia and/or microfilaraemia) and onchocerciasis are becoming rare and very focused. To achieve the elimination of PC-NTDs, further intervention is required. Conclusions Except for trachoma, whose epidemiological situation should be better evaluated, PC-NTDs are endemic in the RoC, and actions to control them have been taken by health authorities. To eliminate PC-NTDs, which are still present in some locations, new mapping surveys are needed, and increased investment in scientific research should be encouraged in the country.

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Culex Pipiens Fatigans Wiedemann, Wuchereria Bancrofti Cobbold, and the Economic Development of Tropical Africa

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Use of MALDI-TOF MS for the Identification of Chad Mosquitoes and the Origin of Their Blood Meal

Use of MALDI-TOF MS for the Identification of Chad Mosquitoes and the Origin of Their Blood Meal

Screening Mosquito House Entry Points as a Potential Method for Integrated Control of Endophagic Filariasis, Arbovirus and Malaria Vectors

Historical overview and geographical distribution of neglected tropical diseases amenable to preventive chemotherapy in the Republic of the Congo: A systematic review

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