Cultivable Bacteria in Urine of Women With Interstitial Cystitis: (Not) What We Expected

Jacobs, Kristin; Price, Travis K.; Thomas‐White, Krystal; Halverson, Thomas; Davies, Abigail; Myers, Deborah L.; Wolfe, Alan J.

doi:10.1097/spv.0000000000000854

Cited by 27 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Further investigation of these trends revealed differences in LUT microbiota composition and diversity within and across participants. These data, in combination with previous studies showing relationships between LUT microbiota and LUTS [2,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], suggest that personal factors relating to the genitourinary system may be an important consideration in the aetiology, prevention and/ or treatment of LUTS.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Genomic relatedness and clinical significance of Streptococcus mitis strains isolated from the urogenital tract of sexual partners

Price

Wolff

et al. 2021

Microbial Genomics

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Research into the lower urinary tract (LUT) microbiota has primarily focused on its relationship to LUT symptoms (LUTS), taking snapshots of these communities in individuals with and without LUTS. While certain bacterial taxa have been associated with LUTS, or the lack thereof, the temporal dynamics of this community were largely unknown. Recently, we conducted a longitudinal study and found that vaginal intercourse resulted in a shift in species richness and diversity within the LUT microbiota. This is particularly relevant as frequent vaginal intercourse is a major risk factor for urinary tract infection (UTI) in premenopausal women (Aydin et al. Int Urogynecol J 2015;26:795–804). To further investigate the relationship between vaginal intercourse and LUT microbiota, here we present the results of a 3 week study in which daily urogenital specimens were collected from a female participant and her male sexual partner. Consistent with our previous findings, the LUT microbiota changed after vaginal intercourse, most notably a high abundance of Streptococcus mitis was observed post-coitus. We isolated and sequenced S. mitis from both sexual partners finding that: (i) the S. mitis isolates from the female partner’s urogenital tract were genomically similar throughout the duration of the study, and (ii) they were related to one isolate from the male partner’s oral cavity collected at the end of the study, suggesting transmission between the two individuals. We hypothesize that blooms in S. mitis after vaginal intercourse may play a role in coitus-related UTI. We found that a S. mitis isolate, in contrast to a Lactobacillus jensenii isolate displaced after vaginal intercourse, cannot inhibit the growth of uropathogenic Escherichia coli . Thus, this bloom in S. mitis may provide a window of opportunity for a uropathogen to colonize the LUT.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Genomic relatedness and clinical significance of Streptococcus mitis strains isolated from the urogenital tract of sexual partners

Price

Wolff

et al. 2021

Microbial Genomics

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“…Similarly, Sphingomonas has been reported in the canine vaginal microbiota (Burton et al, 2017) and could represent a genital contaminant or true inhabitant of urine. In humans, Lactobacillus species are common vaginal microbes, but studies on urine microbiota collected via catheter demonstrate that similar or identical Lactobacillus species are also present and culturable from the bladder and are not just contaminants (Jacobs et al, 2020; Komesu et al, 2020; Thomas-White et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Extraction Methods to Study Canine Urine Microbiota

Mrofchak¹,

Madden²,

Evans³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The urinary microbiota is the collection of microbes present in urine that play a role in host health. Studies of urine microbiota have traditionally relied upon culturing methods aimed at identifying pathogens. However, recent culture-free sequencing studies of the urine microbiota have determined that a diverse array of microbes are present in health and disease. To study these microbes and their potential role in diseases like bladder cancer or interstitial cystitis, consistent extraction and detection of microbial DNA from urine is critical. However, urine is a low biomass substrate, requiring sensitive methods to capture DNA and making the risk of contamination high. To address this challenge, we collected urine samples from ten healthy dogs and extracted DNA from each sample using five different commercially available extraction methods. Extraction methods were compared based on total and bacterial DNA concentrations and microbial community composition and diversity assessed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Significant differences in the urinary microbiota were observed by dog and sex but not extraction method. The Bacteremia kit yielded the highest total DNA concentrations (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.165, not significant) and the highest bacterial DNA concentrations (Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.044). Bacteremia also extracted bacterial DNA from the greatest number of samples. Taken together, these results suggest that the Bacteremia kit is an effective option for studying the urine microbiota. This work lays the foundation to study the urine microbiome in a wide range of urogenital diseases in dogs and other species.HighlightsCanine urine microbiota differed by sex and dog but not extraction method.Qiagen Bacteremia kit yielded the highest bacterial DNA concentrations from urine.The Bacteremia kit extracted bacterial DNA from the greatest number of samples.Absolute abundance of Sphingomonas species increased in female dog urine.Pasteurellaceae bacterium canine oral taxon 272 increased in male dog urine.

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“…In a study of 49 women with IC and 40 control patients, the authors found a slightly higher proportion of identifiable microbes in the catheterized urine of IC patients; however, within the IC cohort itself, there was no association between symptom severity and bacterial abundance. The authors even noted that patients who were symptom-free within the IC cohort were more likely to have a positive EQUC [ 52 ]. A similar, but smaller study utilizing mid-stream urine collections yielded similar results [ 53 ].…”

Section: Expanded Quantitative Urine Culture (Equc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Gold Rush: A Review of Current and Developing Diagnostic Tools for Urinary Tract Infections

Deebel

Casals

et al. 2021

Diagnostics

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections in the United States and consequently are responsible for significant healthcare expenditure. The standard urine culture is the current gold standard for diagnosing urinary tract infections, however there are limitations of the test that directly contribute to increased healthcare costs. As a result, new and innovative techniques have been developed to address the inefficiencies of the current standard—it remains to be seen whether these tests should be performed adjunctly to, or perhaps even replace the urine culture. This review aims to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the newer and emerging diagnostic techniques such as PCR, expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC), and next generation sequencing (NGS).

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Cultivable Bacteria in Urine of Women With Interstitial Cystitis: (Not) What We Expected

Abstract: Supplemental digital content is available in the text.

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Genomic relatedness and clinical significance of Streptococcus mitis strains isolated from the urogenital tract of sexual partners

Genomic relatedness and clinical significance of Streptococcus mitis strains isolated from the urogenital tract of sexual partners

Evaluating Extraction Methods to Study Canine Urine Microbiota

A New Gold Rush: A Review of Current and Developing Diagnostic Tools for Urinary Tract Infections

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