Cultivation of Azolla (Azolla pinnata) and its Use as Cattle Feed Supplement

Kumar, Upendra; Reager, M. L.; Mitharwal, B. S.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.129

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Azolla units were established for cultivation of Azolla, and then, it was fed to select cattle, goat, and chicks as a protein supplement for two months regularly. Tere was an appreciable increase in milk production (10-15%), meat by weight (8-10%) and egg-laying capacity (10-15%), in milch animals, goats, and chicks, respectively [60]. Egg production, egg weight, feed conversation ratio, performance efciency index, and shape index were all improved with the addition of fresh Azolla (Azolla pinnata) at 200 g/duck/day in place of 20% of the conventional duck layer diet, along with enrichment of yolk color [28].…”

Section: Azolla In Animalmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Green fodder shortages in Himachal Pradesh's rain-fed districts of Bilaspur, Hamirpur, and Una have been estimated to be 30-35% during the lean season. Due to its high palatability and enhanced yield under rain-fed conditions during the lean period, Azolla pinnata has been observed as an alternative to green fodder and as a supplementary protein diet in the current studies [30,60]. Te Azolla cultivation technology is considered as an intervention to meet their dairy farmers' needs.…”

Section: Azolla In Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Azolla Plant Production and Their Potential Applications

Korsa,

Alemu,

Ayele

2024

International Journal of Agronomy

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Globally, the human population is growing at an alarming rate, reducing land coverage over time. In the modern world, lifestyle changes, the nature of work, and food habits increase the incidence of serious diseases in animals, and human activity influences the environment, such as the use of chemical fertilizers for agriculture, large terrestrial ecosystems all over the biosphere, such as deforestation of plants, which could not sink from atmospheric CO2, and the production of fuels for energy, which would increase the need for fossil fuels but would also deliver low energy fuels at a high energy cost. To overcome the above problems, Azolla plants perform well since they can be grown at low labor costs, on small plots of land, and for a variety of purposes including animal feed/livestock, poultry and fish production, environmental remediation, biofertilizer and biocontrol for mosquito repellents, carbon sequestration of CO2, and bioenergy effectiveness all year. As a result of their low impact on the environment and human health, Azolla plants are becoming increasingly important. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence of Azolla plant production and its potential role in various applications for a greener, more sustainable approach. This review was progressive in that it assessed and produced peer-reviewed papers related to Azolla plant production and its potential role in different applications for a sustainable greener approach. Based on the findings of reputable educational journals, articles were divided into three categories: methods used to produce the nutritional composition of Azolla, environmental factors that affect the efficiency of Azolla plants, and strain improvement of Azolla for enhanced multipurposes and techniques that are currently being used to meet Azolla plants production and its prospective applications for different sustainable greener approaches. The present findings indicate that Azolla is a rich source of protein, which has a clear benefit in offsetting a portion of the nutritional needs of animal/livestock, poultry, and fish production with what is effectively a low-cost dietary supplement, biocontrol of mosquito repellent, environmental bioremediation, biofertilizer, carbon sequester of CO2, and bioenergy for the potential need of Azolla plant applications. Azolla plants have long been recognized for their benefits in greener and more sustainable lifestyles, as well as quality enhancement and bio-based economy over traditional approaches. Because it relied on natural resources and utility green production, this review’s recovery was chosen as an appropriate and environmentally sound solution for a long and healthy lifestyle.

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Section: Azolla In Animalmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Azolla In Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azolla Plant Production and Their Potential Applications

Korsa,

Alemu,

Ayele

2024

International Journal of Agronomy

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“…Nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus are crucial for Azolla's growth, so adding organic fertilizers or animal manure can help provide these essential nutrients to health [58]. Different types of manure can be used, such as fresh buffalo manure, vermicompost, or cow dung [60,47,51,53,61,62]. The next step is to obtain Azolla spores or mother plants for propagation.…”

Section: The Steps Involved In Producing the Azolla Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Use of Azolla Meal as a Feed Ingredient in Aquatic Animals’ Diets

Yohana,

Ray,

Yang

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Research

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The aquaculture industry’s insatiable demand for fishmeal has led to a price surge, prompting the search for a sustainable alternative protein source. Enter Azolla meal, a plant protein that could be a viable substitute for fishmeal. This cost-effective supplemental feed could be a game-changer for small-scale producers looking to expand their aquaculture production. Numerous experiments have been conducted on replacing fishmeals with Azolla meals in fish diets, and the results have sparked further research. This review delves into Azolla’s composition, comparing it to fishmeal in terms of proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. It also explores the value of employing Azolla in fish feeds and the various methods to mitigate its adverse effects through feed additives during the feed formulation. This review discusses the essential effects of Azolla meal on the growth of various fish species, including tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), catfish (Clarias batrachus), thai silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), rohu (Labeo rohita), and catla (Catla catla) and mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhosus). Azolla’s potential extends beyond its use as a fish feed ingredient. It could also be utilized for bioremediation to remediate hazardous chemicals in water resulting from aquaculture, industrial, and household waste. Further research is needed to optimize the use of Azolla meal in fish feed and to develop cost-effective production methods. This review is a valuable resource for farmers looking to maximize profit when using Azolla in aquafeed and potentially sustainably enhance aquaculture production. With its promising potential, the Azolla meal could be the key to meeting the growing demand for fishmeals while reducing the industry’s environmental impact.

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“…The Azollaeanabaena symbiosis is outstanding due to its fast biomass production because of its rapid growth rate, and higher contents of protein, carotene and β carotene (Lakshmanan et al, 2017). Since climate change poses a challenge to livestock production because to its effects on the amount and quality of feed crops, fodder, and forage; this technology has the potential to adapt it and can be helpful for farmers (Kumar and Chander 2017). Katole et al, (2017) reported that Azolla has a lot of advantages such as Low input costs, ease of growth in the wild and on farms with regulated growing conditions, and quick production of huge amounts of green fodder which is needed in both the fall and summer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Azolla is a good source of high-quality protein. Azolla nutritional content are 21-25.08% CP, 10 -14.39% CF, 3.95% EE, 38.73% NFE, 17.5-27%, total ash and 45-55% essential minerals Chander 2017 andJoysowal et al, 2018). In another report by Nayel, U.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Azolla Plant on Digestibility, Nutritive Value and Rumen Fermentation in Barki Sheep Diets

Nayel,,

Baraghit,

Elaref

et al. 2024

Menoufia Journal of Animal Poultry and Fish Production

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The present study was conducted to evaluate azolla (Azolla pinnata) in ruminant feeding by comparing it with clover hay (CH). Twelve adult male Barki sheep, 2 years old, averaging 42.87±2.11 kg of body weight, were used in a palatability and metabolism trial. Animals were separated into two comparable groups according to their live body weight (6 animals/ group). The experimental animals were kept individually in metabolic crates. Results demonstrated that there were no significant differences between Sun-dried Azolla (SDA) and CH in dry matter content, while the content of OM, CP, and EE were significantly higher in SDA (84.16, 26.93 and 3.80%, respectively) than in CH (81.75, 14.48 and 2.70%, respectively). The content of CF % was significantly lower in SDA (13.48%) than in CH (24.82%). The results of the chemical analysis showed that SDA is rich in CP content (26.93%), which exceeds the CP content of CH (14.48%). Digestion coefficients for SDA were significantly (P<0.05) higher than CH for DM and CP, but NFE was significantly (P<0.05) lower than CH, while, CF did not differ significantly. The nutritive values (DCP and TDN %) for SDA were significantly (P<0.05) higher (18.49 and 51.93%) than CH (7.70 and 46.55), the N balance followed similar pattern being significantly (P< 0.05) higher (19.14 g N/d) than for those fed CH (7.73 g N/d), which was 2.5 times higher. Rumen characteristics (pH, VFA and NH3-N) started to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in animals fed SDA than in those fed CH after six hours of feeding. Generally, Azolla pinnata can be used successfully in Barki sheep feeding with beneficial effects on digestibility, nutritive value, nitrogen balance and rumen fermentation.

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Cultivation of Azolla (Azolla pinnata) and its Use as Cattle Feed Supplement

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Azolla Plant Production and Their Potential Applications

Azolla Plant Production and Their Potential Applications

A Review on the Use of Azolla Meal as a Feed Ingredient in Aquatic Animals’ Diets

Impact of Azolla Plant on Digestibility, Nutritive Value and Rumen Fermentation in Barki Sheep Diets

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