Compared to traditional classroom teaching, the SPOC (Small Private Online Course) English teaching model offers greater flexibility but also presents certain challenges. This study proposes the optimization of SPOC English teaching through the application of personalized autonomous learning theory. The research begins by elucidating the relevant theories of personalized learning and autonomous learning, followed by an analysis of the characteristics of SPOC English teaching. A teaching optimization model is constructed, along with specific optimization strategies. Empirical research validates that the application of personalized autonomous learning theory to optimize the SPOC English teaching model enhances student satisfaction and performance. The study demonstrates that the application of personalized autonomous learning theory is an effective approach to reforming the SPOC English teaching model and improving learning outcomes.