Cultivation of the Lansing Strain of Poliomyelitis Virus in Cultures of Various Human Embryonic Tissues

Enders, John F.; Weller, Thomas H.; Robbins, Frederick C.

doi:10.1126/science.109.2822.85

Cited by 646 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The conclusion seems applicable to enteroviruses in general, and possibly to other animal viruses as well. Observed ability of cells of every examined non-primate species (including avian cells) to produce poliovirus from RNA furthers revision of the original belief that polioviruses were able to infect only neural tissue of certain primates; revision was initiated by the work of Enders et al (15) showing that polioviruses could infect and destroy a variety of non-nervous primate tissues in ~itro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mammalian Cell Virus Relationship

Holland

McLaren

Syverton

1959

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

201

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Primate cells naturally susceptible to poliovims infection possess specific surface receptors that permit poliovirus to be adsorbed quantitatively, received within the cell, eclipsed with loss of infectivity, replicated, and released with accompanying cytopathic effect. Conversely, non-primate cells are naturally insusceptible to poliovirus infection, do not possess active receptors, adsorb only a small fraction of supplied poliovirus, fail to eclipse or replicate measurable amounts of the cell-associated virus, and undergo no cytopathic change (1, 2). It was of interest to learn whether the specific capacity of primate ceils to receive, replicate, and release poliovirus was conditioned wholly by presence of specific receptors. Preliminary findings indicated lack of receptors required for cell infection by poliovirus could be surmounted by use of viral RNA (3).The present communication describes production of infectious poliovirus and other enteroviruses by non-primate cells exposed to viral ribonucleic acid, comparative efficiency of non-primate and primate cells for such virus production, and properties of the produced virus. Materials and MethodsCell Culture Methods.--Cell sources, cultural methods, solutions, and media have been described previously (I, 4).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mammalian Cell Virus Relationship

Holland

McLaren

Syverton

1959

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

201

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“…As the first virus propagated in tissue culture, 13 poliovirus is perhaps the most recognized and widely studied of all viruses. Should similarities be observed between the removal profiles of the CCL viruses and poliovirus, it may be possible to extend studies of the removal of poliovirus to coxsackievirus and echovirus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatability of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Contaminant Candidate List Viruses: Removal of Coxsackievirus and Echovirus using Enhanced Coagulation

Mayer

Ryu

Abbaszadegan

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Enhanced coagulation was evaluated for removal efficacy of coxsackievirus and echovirus (Contaminant Candidate List [CCL] enteroviruses), poliovirus, four potential surrogate bacteriophages, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Viruses and DOC were effectively removed using enhanced coagulation, with removals generally improving as dose increased and pH decreased. Optimal enhanced coagulation conditions of 40 mg/L FeCl3 and pH between 5 and 6.5 resulted in a maximum removal of 3.0 logs of coxsackievirus B6, 1.75 logs of echovirus 12, 2.5 logs of poliovirus 1, 1.8 logs of fr, 1.3 logs of phi-X174, 0.36 logs of MS2, 0.29 logs of PRD1, and 41% DOC. Bacteriophages fr and phi-X174 appear to be the most representative surrogates for the physical removal of coxsackievirus, while MS2 and PRD1 are more conservative. For echovirus, MS2 and PRD1 appear to be the most appropriate surrogates. The relative removal profiles of the enteroviruses (greatest removal of coxsackievirus followed by poliovirus and then echovirus) suggest that studies of the physical removal of poliovirus may be extended to the CCL enteroviruses. These results contribute to evaluations of the CCL and regulatory status of coxsackievirus and echovirus and aid in building a database of the treatment efficiencies of enteroviruses and their surrogates.

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“…A role has been found for decay accelerating factor as a coreceptor for CAV21 attachment to human cell lines 4 and, indeed, decay accelerating factor is expressed at the neuromuscular junction, 5 but could not be found on neurons in the central nervous system. 6 2004 sees the 50 th anniversary of Enders, Weller, and Robbins receiving the Nobel Prize in Medicine for culturing poliovirus, 7 and the year coincides with the final stages of the Global Polio Eradication Programme. How clinically significant is the discovery of neurovirulent potential for CAV21 from a public-health perspective and should it concern us?…”

Section: Potential Neurovirulence Of Common Cold Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%