Cultivation of the Peritrich Telotrochidium henneguyi in Axenic and Non‐Axenic Media*

Abstract

SYNOPSIS. Telotrochidium henneguyi was cultured axenically. The major nutrients in medium T‐3 were liver extract (1:20 National Biochemicals Co.), hydrolyzed yeast nucleic acid, glucose, and dl‐β‐hydroxybutyric acid; these were fortified with phosphate buffer, EDTA, and penicillin. The supplements were: 18 amino acids, 7 vitamins, 10 salts supplying trace‐metals; uridylic, cytidylic, guanylic, and adenylic acids; thymidine‐5‐diphosphate, nicotinamide mononucleotide, and choline. Optimum conditions for axenic cultivation were obtained with phosphate buffer 2 × 10−1M, penicillin 5,000 U.S.P. units/ml, 23°C, pH 6.8. A monoxenic maintenance medium (“T‐broth”) allowed prolific growth and produced trxmendous populations. It was composed of Bacillus cereus in an aqueous broth‐concoction of Proteose‐peptone, Cerophyl, and wheat kernels. Axenic T‐3 medium supported serial subculture; yields of peritrichs were comparable to those in T‐broth. Axenic yields were poorer in medium lacking the T‐3 supplemenits but containing the major nutrients fortified with acid‐hydrolyzed gelatin, serine, riboflavin, EDTA, CaCL, FeCI3, KCI, MgSO4·7 H2O, phosphate buffer, and penicillin. For rapid axenination, excystment was induced by vibrating encysted peritrichs ∼ 30 sec in a Vortex Jr. mixer. Freshly excysted animals were washed by centrifugation. A salt solution, not distilled water, was used for washing inoculants. Inocula consisting of 1 × 103 or more animals were obtained by conventional centrifuge methods. Extension of this investigation to construction of a chemically defined medium is discussed.

Past‐President address: My journey in microbial ecology—footprints in the sand, island hopping, supply chains, and technology bridges

“…With his mentor, Finley provided an identification key to the peritrich protozoa (Noland & Finley, 1931) and collaborated with others to formulate the proteose, peptone, cerophyl, wheat (PPCW) growth medium which adapts to nearly all “wild Cultures” of peritrichs and devised a method for cultivating mass cultures of peritrichs (Finley et al., 1959; Finley & McLaughlin, 1963, 1965). He spent three summers at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (1930–33), received a postdoc appointment at Johns Hopkins University (1955–1956), and was a Principal Investigator on many grants from NSF and the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) (Rose & Finley, 1976).…”

Bio-potential application of algae in reducing the toxicity of the fly ash from coal processing: a new trend of reclamation

“…Bacterial conversion of mercury ion to the organic and/or elemental form and subsequent volatilization from non-acidified media was reported by Finley & McLaughlin. 25 Microorganisms vary from species to species in their sensitivity to toxic substances, exhibit different dose-response relationships, and display different bioconcentration abilities. For this reason, considerable variance between experiments should be anticipated with a mixed inoculum because the relative species composition of the inocula would not be consistent.…”

AXENIC CULTIVATION OF THE HETEROTROPHIC DINOFLAGELLATE PFIESTERIA SHUMWAYAE AND OBSERVATIONS ON FEEDING BEHAVIOR1

“…(2005) for two of three P. shumwayae strains cultured on a fish cell line, but division rates in the untreated CYM were lower. Cell yields and/or division rates often are lower when a protist is cultured axenically (Droop 1959, Finley and McLaughlin 1965, Curds and Cockburn 1968, McGinn 1971). Although the compounds present in the CYM met P. shumwayae nutritional requirements, the medium may not contain some metabolite(s) in adequate concentrations or ratios to support high cell yields, such as those obtained when cultivated on a fish cell line.…”