Cultivation, serology, ultrastructure, and virus-like particles of spiroplasma 277F

Stalheim, O. H. V.; Ritchie, A. E.; Whitcomb, Robert F.

doi:10.1007/bf02621371

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…But it is hypothesized that fibrils found in the cytoplasm interact with the plasmalemma and^ therefore, may play an important role in maintaining or inducing a specific cell shape (RAZIN 1978, TOWNSEND et al 1980. Isolated fibrils (average width of 3.5 nm) nearly always remain associated to fragments of the plasmalemma, confirming the hypothesis of interactions between the cytoplasmic fibrils and the plasmalemma (STALHEIM et al 1978, TOWNSEND et al 1980. This is also supported by a comparison between the membrane proteins of helical, motile spiroplasmas and those of a non-helical, non-motile variant of Spiroplasma citri: the membrane of the latter is lacking one protein, which might be responsible for connections between the fibrils and the plasmalemma in helical spiroplasmas (TOWNSEND et al 1977 and1980).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…LINDER and STAEHELIN (1977) and ROBINSON and QUADER (1980) suggest that interactions between microtubules and the plasmalemma^ analogously to the interactions between the fibrils and the plasmalemma in spiroplasmas, are not visible on the PF, because the proteins linking microtubules to the plasmalemma do not need to penetrate to the centre of the lipid bilayer. STALHEIM et al (1978) frequently observed a system of fibrils isolated from spiroplasmas with a centre-to-centre space of 8-11 nm between two fibrils. The width of the whole fibril system presented in their paper is about 0.1 ^(m, what is similar to the widths of the nearly particle free areas in helical filaments of Spiroplasma citri and the corn stunt spiroplasma and not to that of the PF area studded with IMPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An in situ Freeze‐Fracture Study of Spiroplasma citri and the Corn Stunt Spiroplasma

Schmitt

Petzold

Marwitz

1984

Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spiroplasma citri and the corn stunt spiroplasma in sieve cells of Catharanthus roseus were investigated using freeze‐fracture electron microscopy. Only the particle studded fracture faces of the plasmalemma could be exposed and not the surfaces of both the extraplasmatic and the plasmatic leaflet. The extraplasmatic fracture face (EF) shows a lower particle density than the plasmatic fracture face (PF). On the PF particle free areas could be observed, which are helically arranged in helical filaments. We suppose that the cytoplasmic fibrils, probably involved in motility processes and in maintaining the helical shape, underly the particle free area only.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in situ Freeze‐Fracture Study of Spiroplasma citri and the Corn Stunt Spiroplasma

Schmitt

Petzold

Marwitz

1984

Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The isolates from tulip tree flowers included strains [27][28][29][30][31] SR3, and SR9 (9,12). Two new separate species were thought to be represented among these four strains (9,10,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiroplasma floricola, a New Species Isolated from Surfaces of Flowers of the Tulip Tree, Liriodendron tulipifera L.

Davis¹,

Lee

Worley

1981

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spiroplasma strains 23-6 and 27-31 from flowers of Liriodendron tulipifera L.(tulip tree) were indistinguishable from one another but were distinct from Spiroplasma citri and from members of serogroups other than the serogroup which contains S. citri. These two strains shared close to 100% deoxyribonucleic acid homology with one another, but only low homology (4%) with S. citrz and other Spiroplasma strains. The acrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns of the cellular proteins of strains 23-6 and 27-31 appeared to be identical to each other, but they were distinct from the patterns of S. citri and various other strains. On the basis of serological and biochemical characteristics, we propose that strains 23-6 and 27-31 belong to a new species, Spiroplasma floricola, with strain 23-6 (= ATCC 29989) as the type strain. This new species grew well at 30 and 37"C, in contrast to S. citri, which grows poorly if at all at 37°C. During log-phase growth in broth medium, S. floricola cells occurred as motile, helical, cell wallless filaments 0.15 to 0.2 pm in diameter and 2 to about 5 pm long. Classical "friedegg" Mycoplasma-type colonies were not observed on 1% agar medium. Instead, colonies had granular centers and diffuse borders and contained abundant, motile, helical cells. Growth was stimulated by cholesterol and inhibited by digitonin. Tests for catabolism of glucose, fructose, mannose, and arginine were positive. Tests for phosphatase activity were negative. The guanine-plus-cytosine contents of the deoxyribonucleic acids of strains 23-6 and 27-31 were close to 25 mol%.Spiroplasmas were first recognized in and cultivated in vitro from diseased plants (13, 14, 16, 29). It is now apparent that spiroplasmas are widespread in nature and that some strains associated with plants probably do not cause plant disease (7, 9, 10, 12, 22). Other Spiroplasma strains are associated with diseases in insects (6, 39,41) or are found in apparently healthy insects (17; R. E. McCoy, J. H. Tsai, and D. L. Thomas, Phytopathol. News 12: 217, 1978) and ticks (2, 5, 25, 30, 35, 36,43). Several distinct species are doubtlessly represented by the diverse strains now in culture in vitro, but only one species, Spiroplasma citri, has been recognized formally thus far (28).Among the spiroplasmas from varied habitats are strains 23-6 and 27-31, which were isolated from surfaces of flowers of the tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) (9, 10, 12). Triply cloned strain 23-6 was shown to be serologically distinct from the honey bee Spiroplasma (strain AS 576) and from S. cztri, and Davis suggested that strain 23-6 represented a new species (9). Subsequently, a scheme for the classification of Spiroplasma strains into serogroups and serological subgroups on the basis of membrane antigen reactivity was proposed (12). Estimations of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base compositions and DNA-DNA homologies confirmed that the classification scheme reflected phylogenetic relationships (18) and supported the proposal (12) that the serogroups represented separa...

show abstract

“…However, later morphological study (6) revealed that the agent was a spiroplasma. Subsequent studies in several laboratories clearly documented major distinctions between the 277F agent and the rabbit tick-derived SMCA group, including differences in genome characteristics (4,22; Bove, in press), pathogenicity (31, 35b), and serology (2, 31,34,41). Group I1 contains the sex ratio organisms of Drosophila (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiroplasma mirum, a New Species from the Rabbit Tick (Haemaphysalis leporispalustris)

Tully

Whitcomb²,

Rose

et al. 1982

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cultivation, serology, ultrastructure, and virus-like particles of spiroplasma 277F

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

An in situ Freeze‐Fracture Study of Spiroplasma citri and the Corn Stunt Spiroplasma

An in situ Freeze‐Fracture Study of Spiroplasma citri and the Corn Stunt Spiroplasma

Spiroplasma floricola, a New Species Isolated from Surfaces of Flowers of the Tulip Tree, Liriodendron tulipifera L.

Spiroplasma mirum, a New Species from the Rabbit Tick (Haemaphysalis leporispalustris)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About