Cultural and interpersonal risk factors for suicide ideation and suicide attempts among Muslim college students from 11 nations

Eskin, Mehmet; Harlak, Hacer; Hamdan, Motasem; Mechri, Anwar; Isayeva, Ulker; Abdel‐Khalek, Ahmed M.; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Asad, Nargis; El-Nayal, Mayssah; Buhairan, Fadia Al; Noor, Isa Multazam; Khader, Yousef; Khan, Aqeel; Sayyari, Alaa Al; Khader, Albaraa; Behzadi, Bahareh; Öztürk, Cennet Şafak; Agha, Hazem; Hendarmin, Laifa Annisa; Khan, Murad Moosa

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.050

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, suicide is also a major stigma in Muslim countries, which may lead to a reluctance to report a suicide death, and this may lead to the lower suicide rates in these countries [ 6 , 36 , 37 ]. The low rates of suicide in Muslim-majority countries which can be seen as a result of Islamic thought condemning taking one’s own life is not necessarily indicative of lower levels of suicidal ideation [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019

et al. 2022

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Background This study examines the 20-year trend of suicide in 46 Muslim-majority countries throughout the world and compares their suicide rates and trends with the global average. Ecological-level associations between the proportion of the Muslim population, the age-standardized suicide rates, male-to-female suicide rate ratio, and the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2019 were examined. Methods Age-standardized suicide rates were extracted from the WHO Global Health Estimates database for the period between 2000 and 2019. The rates in each country were compared with the age-standardized global average during the past 20 years. The countries were further grouped according to their regions/sub-regions to calculate the regional and sub-regional weighted age-standardized suicide rates involving Muslim-majority countries. Correlation analyses were conducted between the proportion of Muslims, age-standardized suicide rate, male: female suicide rate ratio, and the HDI in all countries. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the age-standardized suicide rates in 2000-2019. Results The 46 countries retained for analysis included an estimated 1.39 billion Muslims from a total worldwide Muslim population of 1.57 billion. Of these countries, eleven (23.9%) had an age-standardized suicide rate above the global average in 2019. In terms of regional/sub-regional suicide rates, Muslim-majority countries in the Sub-Saharan region recorded the highest weighted average age-standardized suicide rate of 10.02/100,000 population, and Southeastern Asia recorded the lowest rate (2.58/100,000 population). There were significant correlations between the Muslim population proportion and male-to-female rate ratios (r=-0.324, p=0.028), HDI index and age-standardized suicide rates (r=-0.506, p<0.001), and HDI index and male-to-female rate ratios (r=0.503, p<0.001) in 2019. Joinpoint analysis revealed that seven Muslim-majority countries (15.2%) recorded an increase in the average annual percentage change regarding age-standardized suicide rates during 2000-2019. Conclusions Most Muslim-majority countries had lower age-standardized suicide rates than the global average, which might reflect religious belief and practice or due to Muslim laws in their judicial and social structure which may lead to underreporting. This finding needs further in-depth country and region-specific study with regard to its implication for public policy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, suicide rates in the Americas increased. Nevertheless, a majority of suicide deaths (77%) still occur in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), including the majority of Muslim countries [ 1 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019

et al. 2022

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“…Similarly, research by Smith et al (2021) on suicide attempts in adolescents aged 12-15 showed that 2.3% of Indonesian respondents had attempted suicide once. On the other hand, research by Eskin et al (2021) showed that 31.8% of university students in Indonesia had suicidal thoughts, and 12.6% had attempted suicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining social support, spirituality, gratitude, and their associations with happiness through self-acceptance

Komarudin

Bukhori²,

Karim³

et al. 2022

Psikohumaniora J. Penelit. Psikol.

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Happiness is something that every individual yearns for, so an understanding of the factors that influence it is needed. This study aims to test the influence model of social support, spirituality, and gratitude on happiness through self-acceptance. Data collection using the scale of social support, spirituality, gratitude, self-acceptance, and happiness, with a sample of 790 Indonesian students. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. The structural model showed acceptable goodness of fit. Self-acceptance was demonstrated to significantly serve as a mediating variable in social support, spirituality, and gratitude in relation to happiness. In addition, social support (β = .112, p .01), gratitude (β = .256, p .01), spirituality (β = .431, p .01), and self-acceptance (β = .364, p .01) had significant positive relationships with happiness. The study has important implications globally for characteristics such as the sample used, especially with regard to the self-acceptance and happiness of university students.

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“…Understanding suicide and suicidal behaviour in Canada demands a recognition of its multifaceted nature [8,9]. A suicide attempt is an outcome influenced by a labyrinth of interwoven factors: from individual-level physical or psychological stressors [10,11], genetic predispositions [12,13], and past traumatic experiences [14,15] to broader societal determinants like economic instability [16], social networks [17,18], cultural nuances [19,20], and systemic healthcare disparities [21,22]. This interplay of personal and environmental factors, punctuated by dynamic feedback loops, makes suicide not just an individual act but a collective phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Tool to Assess the Impact of Simulated Intervention Strategies on Suicide and Suicidal Behaviours in Canada: A Dynamic Modelling & Machine Learning Approach

Zahan,

Mikuliak,

Osgood

2024

Preprint

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Suicide dynamics form a complex system deeply influenced by interrelated factors, necessitating advanced methodologies for comprehensive analysis. This study pioneers the application of Particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo (PMCMC) methods in suicide research, recognized for their enhanced sampling efficiency over traditional techniques in complex, high-dimensional models. PMCMC is particularly adept at handling non-Gaussian distributions and navigating parameter spaces efficiently, preventing the entrapment in local optima. Utilizing PMCMC, our research simulated a broad spectrum of potential outcomes, clarifying the probable scenarios and their likelihoods, thus enriching the predictive accuracy and understanding of suicide dynamics. These methods facilitated the exploration of dynamic interactions among key risk factors such as mental health issues, trauma, substance use, social isolation, and access to harmful means, whose complex interplays challenge predictive modeling. The study extends previous applications of PMCMC in complex systems like H1N1, opioid crises, and COVID-19 to the domain of suicide, suggesting its potential in enhancing decision-making and intervention strategies. However, limitations due to the model's simplified assumptions and the specificity of the data to certain populations underscore the necessity for broader application to validate findings across varied demographics. In summary, while PMCMC offers robust capabilities for the dynamic modeling of suicide, it requires careful parameter selection and consideration of computational demands. Future research should continue to leverage this approach in more complex settings, enhancing our ability to predict and mitigate suicide risks effectively.

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Cultural and interpersonal risk factors for suicide ideation and suicide attempts among Muslim college students from 11 nations

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019

An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019

Examining social support, spirituality, gratitude, and their associations with happiness through self-acceptance

Developing a Tool to Assess the Impact of Simulated Intervention Strategies on Suicide and Suicidal Behaviours in Canada: A Dynamic Modelling & Machine Learning Approach

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