This entry analyzes current emerging research trends in education reforms around the world, critiquing and evaluating neoliberal education policy reform globally and discussing meta‐ideological hegemony and paradigm shifts in education. It analyzes globalization processes, impacting on education and policy reforms globally, that are designed to promote economic competitiveness, national identity, and social equity through education reforms. The entry reviews standards‐driven and outcomes‐defined policy. It also offers a brief analysis of education policy reforms, and the resultant social stratification in the global culture, which demonstrates a complex nexus between globalization, ideology, and education reforms – where, on the one hand, democratization and progressive pedagogy is equated with equality, inclusion, equity, tolerance, and human rights, while on the other hand, globalization is perceived, by some critics at least, to be a totalizing force that is widening the socioeconomic status (SES) gap and cultural and economic capital between the rich and the poor, and bringing power, domination, and control by corporate bodies and powerful organizations.