Cultural Characteristics of Zooglea-Forming Bacteria Isolated from Activated Sludge and Trickling Filters

Isolation and Enumeration of Aerobic Heterotrophic Bacteria in Activated Sludge

“…I n an attempt to identify bacteria responsible for floc formation Buttcrfield (1935) successfully isolated Zoogloea ramigera from activated sludge. This organism was also found by Heukelekian & Littman (1939) and Wattie (1943), who considered it to be thc only bacterium responsible for forming flocs. There has been much uncertainty surrounding the taxonomy of 2. ramigera (Crabtree & McCoy, 1967) and it is possible that the former workers were not studying the same species but types showing similar growth forms.…”

Use of Aromatic Compounds for Growth and Isolation of Zoogloea

“…These bacteria grow slowly, produce indistinct, punctiform, nonpigmented colonies, and often become overgrown by other microorganisms on primary isolation media. Most workers _ave employed the uncertain and time-consuming dispersion-serial dilution technique of Butterfield (3) or some modification of this technique (5,10,12,14,18,25). Crabtree and McCoy (6) isolated Z. ramigera I-16-M, a floc-forming, nonzoogloeal bacterium, from an enrichment culture by using a spread-plating procedure.…”

The Bacteriology of Trickling Filters

“…Another group that has been mentioned as dominating the flora of filters is the genus Zoogloea. This group was first recorded by Johnson (1914) but, it was the American school of Butterfield and Wattie and their co-workers that established the concept that zoogleal bacteria belonged to a single genus (Butterfield, 1935;Butterfield, Ruchhoft & McNamee, 1937 ;Butterfield & Wattie, 1941;Wattie, 1943). Hitherto the composition of the zoogleal bacteria was considered to be more heterogeneous and Buchanan (1925) had noted that the generic name Zoogloeu had been dropped.…”