Cultural characteristics, virulence, and in vitro temperature effect on mycelial growth of<i>Rhizoctonia</i>isolates from rapeseed

Kamiński, Dariusz; Verma, P. R.

doi:10.1080/07060668509501688

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…All of the major crops grown on the Canadian Prairies are susceptible to dampingoff caused by AG-4 under greenhouse conditions, but cereals are less susceptible than pulses or canola (Hwang et al 2003). Individual isolates in this anastomosis group exhibit a wide range of virulence and aggressiveness on individual host species (Papavizas et al 1975;Nelson and Kural 1991;Kaminski and Verma 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 94 isolates of R. solani assessed, 44 isolates were highly pathogenic, and 41 of these highly pathogenic isolates belonged to anastomosis group AG-4. This group has a broad host range that includes canola (Brassica napus L.), mustard (B. juncea L.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (Anderson 1977(Anderson , 1982Kaminski and Verma 1985;Nelson et al 1996;Kulik et al 1995). All of the major crops grown on the Canadian Prairies are susceptible to dampingoff caused by AG-4 under greenhouse conditions, but cereals are less susceptible than pulses or canola (Hwang et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management strategies to reduce losses caused by rhizoctonia seedling blight of field pea

Hwang¹,

Gossen²,

Conner³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. Management strategies to reduce losses caused by rhizoctonia seedling blight of field pea. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 145-155. Seedling blight can cause substantial reductions in stand density of field pea on the Canadian prairies. Ninety-four isolates of Rhizoctonia solani were obtained from soil samples collected from 37 pea fields in 1999 in Alberta, Canada. Sixty isolates were characterized as anastomosis group (AG)-4 and 12 isolates as AG-2-1. Some of these isolates caused severe pre-emergence damping-off and were classified as highly pathogenic; 41 of the 44 highly pathogenic isolates were AG-4 and three were AG-2-1. Two highly pathogenic AG-4 isolates were used to assess the effect of inoculum density on survival and growth of field pea seedlings, and the impact of seeding date, seeding depth, soil temperature, seed damage, seed treatments and seeding density on seedling blight and root rot injury. As inoculum density increased, so did root rot severity, while seedling establishment, shoot dry weight and root dry weight declined. Under controlled conditions, seedling establishment in the noninoculated control increased as soil temperatures increased, but establishment and growth declined in inoculated treatments. In a temperature gradient study, seedling infection was highest when mean daily temperatures were 17.5°C or higher. In field trials over 8 station years, delayed seeding often resulted in reduced seedling establishment in inoculated treatments, although this trend was not consistent across sites or years. Seed yield consistently declined with later seeding dates. Seed treatment with fungicides (carbathiin + thiram, metalaxyl) improved establishment and productivity in inoculated treatments, especially where seed was damaged prior to planting. Seeding depth had no impact on root rot severity. Emergence and seed yield increased with seeding density, but increasing density beyond 90 seeds m -2 did not result in proportionately higher yields. These results indicate that a combination of seed treatment and early seeding can reduce Rhizoctonia injury to pea seedlings under field conditions. Key words: Pisum sativum, Rhizoctonia solani (AG-4), management, seeding depth, seeding rate Hwang, S. F., Gossen, B. D., Conner, R. L., Chang, K. F., Turnbull, G. D., Lopetinsky, K. et Howard, R. J. 2007. Stratégies de gestion visant à réduire les pertes de pois de grande culture attribuables à la fonte des semis causée par Rhizoctonia. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 145-155. Dans les Prairies canadiennes, la fonte des semis réduit parfois considérablement la densité de peuplement du pois de grande culture. En 1999, les auteurs ont prélevé 94 isolats de Rhizoctonia solani des échantillons de sol venant de 37 champs de pois de l'Alberta (Canada). Soixante isolats faisaient partie du groupe d'anastomose AG-4 et 12 du groupe AG-2-1. Certains de ces isolats expliquaient une grave fonte des semis à la levée et ont été caractérisé comme très pathogènes; 41 des 44 isolats très pathogènes figuraient dans le groupe AG-4 et trois dans...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management strategies to reduce losses caused by rhizoctonia seedling blight of field pea

Hwang¹,

Gossen²,

Conner³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Genetic variability among the isolates of R. solani was reported by Nelson et al (1996). Kaminski and Verma (1985) found a variable response of different R. solani isolates at different levels of temperatures. It was found that there were uniforms among the isolates regarding colony diameter and sclerotia formation on PDA with same temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Rot and Leaf Ring Spot Caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Chinese Cabbage

Shim¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2013

Research in Plant Disease

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This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of leaf rot and leaf ring spot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Chinese cabbage under seedling nursery and cultivation greenhouses. Symptoms of leaf rot and leaf ring spot were found in three Chinese cabbage cultivars, Brassica campestris subsp. pekinensis, 'Ryeokgwang', 'Daetong', and 'CR mat'. In Hwacheon, the disease incidence was 73.8% in the seedling stage of the Chinese cabbage. In Icheon, the symptoms were observed on the upper leaves of the Chinese cabbage cultivar, 'Norangmini' with 20.5% of disease incidence. The symptoms appeared as primary lesions consisting of small, circular necrotic ring spots with gray color, 1.4−3.0 mm in diameter, accompanied by secondary rot lesions with large irregular borders of leaves. The color of mycelial mat of 20 isolates was dark brown and light brown. The average hyphal diameter of all the isolates was within 5.01−11.12 µm. Among the 20 strains isolated from Chinese cabbage, 16 isolates and four isolates anastomosed with the AG-1 (IB) and AG-1 (IC), respectively. Twenty isolates tested were only virulent on foliage parts of Chinese cabbage leaves but were avirulent on stem parts of the plants. Based on the mycological characteristics and pathogenicity test on host plants, the fungus was identified as Rhizoctonia solani.

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“…(Klaasen et at., 1991;Wong, Mead & Croft,i2002), Pythium spp. (Pemberton et at., 1990) and Rhizoctonia spp, 1 (Kaminski & Verma, 1985;Kataria & Verma, 1992), whose occurrence and pathogenicity also vary for different soil-and climatic conditions (Gugel et at., 1987;Klaasen et at., ] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chemical seed treatment on the germination and seedling growth of canola under different soil conditions

Villiers

Lamprecht

Agenbag

2006

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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Studies in a temperature controlled greenhouse were conducted to determine if phytotoxic effects of chemical seed treatments found in incubation studies also have an effect on the germination-and seedling vigour of canola (cv Varola 44) seed planted in simulated field conditions and secondly to determine the efficiency of seed treatments in soils from different localities (naturally infested) and in soil artificially infested with soilborne pathogens. In the first experiment untreated (control) and seeds treated with 0.5X, 1.0X and 2.0X of the recommended rates of Cruiser® and a local mixture (SA-Combination) were planted at 5 and 10 mm depths in dry (10% of field water capacity), moist (50% of field water capacity) and wet (70% of field water capacity) pasteurized soil to ensure that only the phytotoxic effects of the seed treatments were measured. In general, results showed that some treatments (application rates) of both chemicals used delayed seed germination and therefore reduced the number of seedlings emerged after 9 days, especially when planted at a 5 mm depth in pasteurized dry soil, but not in moist (50% FWC) soil. In soils naturally infested with especially Rhizoctonia spp. and Pythium spp. (experiment two), seedling emergence, survival and plant height of treated seeds were significantly higher compared to that of untreated seed. In experiment three all the seed treatments significantly increased survival of canola seedlings in soil artificially infested with Fusarium avenaceum, pythium F group, P. irregulare, P. mamillatum, P. iJltimum var. ultimum and Rhizoctonia spp. under growth room conditions. Survival of seedlings was a more accurate or sensitive parameter than dry mass when evaluating the effect of seed treatments against damping-off of canola caused by these soilborne pathogens. Because no consistant differences for all parameters used were found between chemicals used, both chemicals should be regarded as efficient. More research is needed to test their efficiency against specific pathogens under field conditions before any recommendations with regard to registration and commercial use in the RSA can be made.

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Cultural characteristics, virulence, and in vitro temperature effect on mycelial growth ofRhizoctoniaisolates from rapeseed

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Management strategies to reduce losses caused by rhizoctonia seedling blight of field pea

Management strategies to reduce losses caused by rhizoctonia seedling blight of field pea

Leaf Rot and Leaf Ring Spot Caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Chinese Cabbage

Effect of chemical seed treatment on the germination and seedling growth of canola under different soil conditions

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