Cultural Differences and Cross-Cultural Similarities in Appraisals and Emotional Responses

Roseman, Ira J.; Dhawan, Nisha; Rettek, S. Ilsa; Naidu, R. K.; Thapa, Komilla

doi:10.1177/0022022195261003

Cited by 80 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Second, our findings have tapped into an interesting issue for cross-cultural studies on emotion. Although culture is becoming an increasingly important variable in mainstream emotion research (e.g., Kitayama & Markus, 1994;Russell, FernandezDols, Manstead, & Wellenkamp, 1995), much of the attention has been centered on the structural similarity or difference of emotional experience across cultures (e.g., Mauro, Sato, & Tucker, 1992;Mesquita & Frijda, 1992;Roseman, Dhawan, Rettek, Naidu, & Thapa, 1995;Russell, 1991;Scherer & Wallbott, 1994). Along with the question of whether different cultural members are alike or different in their affective reactions to various antecedent conditions of emotion, our findings suggest that the functional value or significance attached to such affective experience may differ across cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms.

Suh¹,

Diener

Oishi

et al. 1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

1,079

758

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The relative importance of emotions versus normative beliefs for life satisfaction judgments was compared among individualist and collectivist nations in 2 large sets of international data (in total, 61 nations, N = 62,446). Among nations, emotions and life satisfaction correlated significantly more strongly in more individualistic nations (r = .52 in Study 1; r = .48 in Study 2). At the individual level, emotions were far superior predictors of life satisfaction to norms (social approval of life satisfaction) in individualist cultures, whereas norms and emotions were equally strong predictors of life satisfaction in collectivist cultures. The present findings have implications for future studies on cultural notions of well-being, the functional value of emotional experiences, and individual differences in life satisfaction profiles.Across the world, is the "good life" attained mostly by doing what a person would like to do or by doing what a person thinks he or she should do? More broadly, are internal processes, such as attitudes, beliefs, emotions, and the like, or external pro-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms.

Suh¹,

Diener

Oishi

et al. 1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

1,079

758

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It has been reported that cultures differ in terms of appraisals that lead to emotion (Matsumoto, Kudoh, Scherer & Wallbot, 1988;Mauro, Sato & Tucker , 1992;Roseman, Dhawan, Rettek & Naidu, 1995;Scherer, 1997aScherer, , 1997b, emotional expression (Matsumoto & Kupperbusch, 2001), and coping (Bjorck, Cuthbertson, Thuman & Lee , 2001;Cole, Bruschi & Tamang, 2002;Hwang, Scherer, Wu, Hwang & Li , 2002;Morling, Kitayama & Miyamoto, 2003;Taylor, Sherman, Kim, Jarcho & Takagi, 2004;Tweed, White & Lehman et al, 2004;VanderVoort, 2001;Yeh & Inose, 2002). According to the most recent empirical findings, however, such cultural differences in ER are mostly accounted for by individual differences in personality traits.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Adaptation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Reliability and Validity of an Italian Version

et al. 2012

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of an Italian version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).Method: Three studies were completed. First, factorial structure, internal consistency, and concurrent validity of our Italian version of the DERS were examined with a sample of 323 students (77% female; mean age 25.6). Second, test-retest analyses were completed using a different sample of 61 students (80% female; mean age 24.7). Third, the scores produced by a small clinical sample (N = 38; mean age = 24.2) affected by anorexia, binge eating disorder, or bulimia were compared to those of an age-matched, nonclinical female sample (N = 38; mean age = 24.7). Results: The factorial structure replicated quite well the six-factor structure proposed by Gratz and Roemer. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were adequate and comparable to previous findings. The validity was good, as indicated by both the concurrent validity analysis and the clinical-nonclinical sample comparison. Conclusions:These studies provide further support for the multidimensional model of emotion regulation postulated by Gratz and Roemer and strengthen the rationale for cross-cultural utilization of the DERS. (Gross, 2008). This is partly due to the several processes that underlie diverse emotion regulation acts as well as the lack of consistent, agreed-upon conceptualizations of ER.Broadly defined, the construct of ER refers to the conscious or unconscious attempt of an individual to influence the expression and type of emotion he or she feels (Mauss, Bunge & Gross, 2007). ER also encompasses the extrinsic or intrinsic processes that are responsible for the monitoring, evaluation, and modification of emotional responses, including the ability to modulate and regulate behaviors when experiencing emotional distress (Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Thompson, 1994).According to Gross and Thompson (2007), there are five points in time in which emotions could be regulated: situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive change, and response modulation. Each of the five ER strategies has received a great deal of interest by several researchers (Gross, 2008). Moreover, two ER strategies have received major attention: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression.The first consists of attempts to think about the situation as to alter its meaning and emotional (Fox et al., 2007; Gratz, 2007;Gratz, Lacroce, & Gunderson, 2006; Gratz & Roemer, 2004;Gratz, Rosenthal, Tull, Lejuez, & Gunderson, 2006;Gratz, Tull, Baruch, Bornovalova, & Lejuez, 2008;Salters-Pedneault, Roemer, Tull, Rucker, & Mennin, 2006; Tull & Roemer, 2007). Nonetheless, more research on this topic is needed, and the extent to which Gratz and Roemer's results can be generalized to samples from diverse cultural backgrounds remains an empirical question. Adaptability of the DERS to an Italian Sample.

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“…For example, cultures differ in appraisals that lead to emotion Mauro, Sato, & Tucker, 1992;Roseman, Dhawan, Rettek, & Naidu, 1995;Scherer, 1997aScherer, , 1997b, and these might correspond with situation selection. Cultures differ in emotional expression (Ekman, 1972;Friesen, 1972;Matsumoto & Kupperbusch, 2001) and in the rules governing their modification called display rules (Biehl, Matsumoto, & Kasri, in press;Matsumoto, 1990Matsumoto, , 1993Matsumoto, Takeuchi, Andayani, Kouznetsova, & Krupp, 1998;Matsumoto et al, 2005b;Matsumoto, Yoo, Hirayama, & Petrova, 2005c).…”

Section: Previous Research Documenting Cultural Differences In Emotiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Cultural Differences in Emotion Regulation Mediated by Personality Traits?

Matsumoto

2006

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

166

103

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This article reports a study that documents United States-Japan differences in emotion regulation and demonstrates that those differences are entirely accounted for by individual differences in personality. These findings raise questions about studies that merely document cross-national differences in a psychological variable yet attribute the source of the observed differences to cultural variables without empirical justification to do so. Such differences may be accounted for by aggregate differences in personality.

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Cultural Differences and Cross-Cultural Similarities in Appraisals and Emotional Responses

Cited by 80 publications

References 31 publications

The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms.

The shifting basis of life satisfaction judgments across cultures: Emotions versus norms.

Cultural Adaptation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Reliability and Validity of an Italian Version

Are Cultural Differences in Emotion Regulation Mediated by Personality Traits?

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