Cultural efficacy predicts body satisfaction for Māori

Houkamau, Carla; Stronge, Samantha; Warbrick, Isaac; Dell, Kiri; Mika, Jason Paul; Newth, J. A.; Sibley, Chris G.; Kha, Khanh Linh

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253426

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Cultural Efficacy, as a proxy measure of Māori enculturation, has been found to predict resilience against psychological distress (Muriwai et al, 2015), positive body satisfaction (Houkamau et al, 2021), increased subjective well-being (Houkamau & Sibley, 2010), and increased self-esteem (Matika et al, 2017). These are important findings and illustrate the need to continue to explore the protective function of enculturation for Māori.…”

Section: Ethnic Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Māori Cultural Embeddedness Scale (MaCES): Initial evidence of structural validity.

Fox¹,

Johnson²,

Winter³

et al. 2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objectives: The purpose of this article is to introduce a self-report measure of cultural embeddedness for Ma ¯ori (Ma ¯ori Cultural Embeddedness Scale [MaCES]), which builds on theoretical and qualitative research on the concept. Method: A total of 548 adults who self-identified as Ma ¯ori responded to 49 items that were designed to measure aspects of Ma ¯ori Cultural Values, Beliefs, and Practices. The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, and invariance was tested through multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. Results: A total of six items were pruned from the measure for having low loadings on the latent factor, having ambiguous wording, and/or measuring contentious concepts. The remaining 43 items fit the data well when organized by three primary factors (i.e., Values, Beliefs, and Practices), further split into secondary subfactors. We also found that this nuanced subfactor model was invariant to sole/mixed identification as Ma ¯ori, as well as growing up in urban or rural settings. We found evidence of structural validity for the MaCES, but ongoing validation, including convergent and divergent comparisons to other scales, is required in future work. Conclusions: The MaCES is a theoretically derived and statistically sound measure that offers significant research potential for exploring the various ways that embeddedness in Ma ¯ori culture informs differential outcomes. Public Significance StatementCultural identity is central to how a person feels about their lived experiences inside their cultural group. We argue that a critical part of a person's identity is their cultural embeddedness, which is formed through the internalization and embodiment of cultural values, beliefs, and practices. In this study, we describe our development of a self-report measure that enables Ma ¯ori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand, to characterize their cultural embeddedness along these three dimensions.

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Section: Ethnic Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Māori Cultural Embeddedness Scale (MaCES): Initial evidence of structural validity.

Fox¹,

Johnson²,

Winter³

et al. 2023

Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The body image construct is complex and in a recent systematic review, for adolescents from Western countries, individual factors (self‐perception of body image), relational factors (opinions of parents, family, friends and colleagues) and environmental factors (school environment and perceived expectations of body image across mass‐media) were all influential 29 . Among New Zealand Maori, those with higher levels of cultural efficacy appear to have higher levels of body satisfaction, even at higher BMIs, which could be a protective factor against DEB/ED 30 . Also, compared to westernised populations where there is a generalised desire for thinness, indigenous Australian adolescents (Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander) are more likely to desire a larger, more muscular build than their Caucasian peers 31 .…”

Section: Take Home Messagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Among New Zealand Maori, those with higher levels of cultural efficacy appear to have higher levels of body satisfaction, even at higher BMIs, which could be a protective factor against DEB/ED. 30 Also, compared to westernised populations where there is a generalised desire for thinness, indigenous Australian adolescents (Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander) are more likely to desire a larger, more muscular build than their Caucasian peers. 31 Yet, although available evidence indicates that DEB/ED are as prevalent, if not more prevalent, in indigenous populations, no validated, culturally/ethnic specific screening tools for DEB/ED in these populations exist.…”

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confidence: 99%

Type 1 diabetes youth with disordered eating: Is there a disproportionate impact on ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples?

Signal

Hofman

2022

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus consistently have suboptimal glycaemic control and worse outcomes, and this is especially true for adolescents from indigenous communities and ethnic minorities. It is increasingly recognised that disordered eating is common in adolescents and likely causes a disproportionate impact on glycaemic outcomes and psychological morbidity. Eating disorders may be even more common in indigenous and ethnic minority populations and be another reason why it is harder to achieve recommended glycaemic targets in this group. In this viewpoint, we explore the issues around disordered eating in this vulnerable group, the difficulties in diagnosis and the challenges in management. We focus in particular on the outcomes in the more disadvantaged adolescents with type 1 diabetes, especially indigenous groups and ethnic minorities, an area where there have been few publications and generally less recognition to date.

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“…Therefore, it is important to assess whether factors such as body regard are also important to NSSI in Māori youth. Research has shown that greater Māori cultural efficacy is correlated with higher body satisfaction (Houkamau et al, 2021). Therefore, if body regard was a salient factor to NSSI, then Māori identity may serve as a protective factor against holding a negative body regard which may in turn protect against engaging in NSSI when one is emotionally dysregulated.…”

Section: Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Body Regard Moderate the Relationship between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Emotion Dysregulation in an Adolescent Sample?

Newell

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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is primarily thought to serve a regulatory function (Klonsky, 2007b, 2009; Nock, 2009), with emotion dysregulation implicated as a principal component in its development (Adrian et al., 2011; Andover & Morris, 2014; Gratz, 2007; Robinson et al., 2019; Wolff et al., 2019). When engaging in NSSI, the body becomes the target for affect regulation (Cross, 1993; Ross et al., 2009), and individuals act against the human instinct to self-preserve, prompting researchers to assess the relationship between body regard and NSSI. Body regard has emerged as a moderator of the relationship between NSSI and emotion dysregulation (Muehlenkamp et al., 2013). However, research is yet to test this moderation model in adolescent samples who are vulnerable to body image concerns (O’Dea, 2012), emotion dysregulation (Coe-Odess et al., 2019; Silvers, 2022) and NSSI (Plener et al., 2015). I used a sample of New Zealand adolescents to investigate the potential moderating role of body regard in the relationship between emotion dysregulation and NSSI. First, I assessed the psychometric properties of the Body Regard Scale (BRS; Muehlenkamp, 2012) in the current adolescent sample, establishing a 4-factor structure for use in Study Two. Study Two used hierarchical multiple regression to assess whether body regard (and its subscales) moderated the relationship between NSSI and emotion dysregulation. Consistent with my hypothesis and previous research, increasing body regard (as well as body satisfaction/acceptance, body connection and body attentiveness/care) was associated with a decrease in the strength of the association between emotion dysregulation and NSSI. However, the body competence subscale was not a significant moderator. The relationship between body regard and NSSI was not dependent on gender, also supporting my hypothesis. The research highlights body regard should be considered in etiological models of NSSI to inform treatment. Longitudinal research is needed to assess the causal role of body regard in the development of NSSI.

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Cultural efficacy predicts body satisfaction for Māori

Cited by 7 publications

References 98 publications

The Māori Cultural Embeddedness Scale (MaCES): Initial evidence of structural validity.

The Māori Cultural Embeddedness Scale (MaCES): Initial evidence of structural validity.

Type 1 diabetes youth with disordered eating: Is there a disproportionate impact on ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples?

Does Body Regard Moderate the Relationship between Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Emotion Dysregulation in an Adolescent Sample?

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