. (2015) A cross-cultural study of possible iatrogenic effects of gifted education programs: tenth grader's perceptions of academically high-performing classmates. High Ability Studies, 26(1), pp. 152-166. (doi:10.1080Studies, 26(1), pp. 152-166. (doi:10. /13598139.2015 This is the author's final accepted version.There may be differences between this version and the published version. Abstract Previous empirical studies have yielded inconclusive results about peer perceptions of academically high-performing students. The purpose of this study was to investigate students' perceptions of the intellectual ability, positive social qualities, and popularity of a hypothetical new high-performing classmate. Participants were 1060 Vietnamese, South Korean, British, Australian, Peruvian, and Spanish boys and girls in 10th grade. The results revealed that the perceptions of academically high-performing classmates differed by country group. Positive perceptions of intellectual ability and social qualities were commonly found in all countries except the two Asian countries (Vietnam and South Korea) where the students reported more neutral views of high-performers. In conclusion it is argued that there is no evidence for possible iatrogenic effects of gifted education programs aiming at high achievements.