Cultural model theory in cognitive anthropology: recent developments and applications

Bennardo, Giovanni; Munck, Victor C. de

doi:10.1007/s41809-020-00055-4

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Traditionally, RAA has been performed following the final phase of cultural domain analysis to identify alternative perspectives within a shared cultural model 8,9 . Cultural models are simplified mental frameworks that people utilize to engage with and participate in the social world around them; they are shared understandings about “ways of doing things” that allow individuals in a group to live concordantly and harmoniously 15–20 . Traditional cultural model theory would posit that due to the numerous shared experiences involved in medical training and practicing medicine, oncologists would share a mental schema for rationalizing and responding to patient recurrence after clinical trial participation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Clinical trials are space travel”: Factors of psychological response to recurrence among oncologists enrolling patients in treatment optimization trials

Henderson,

Andrews,

Ingram

et al. 2023

Cancer Medicine

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BackgroundCancer recurrence after treatment is a concern for patients and oncologists alike. The movement towards treatment optimization, with trials testing less than the current standard of care (SoC), complicates this experience. Our objective was to assess oncologists' psychological response to patient recurrence on optimization‐focused trials and identify factors that influence those experiences.MethodsClinical oncologists participated in a semi‐structured interview regarding patient enrollment in treatment optimization trials. We identified factors that influence the degree of psychological response that the oncologist may feel after patient recurrence. Residual agreement analysis was used to identify whether differences in reported psychological response was associated with alternative emphases on identified factors.ResultsThirty‐six oncologists identified 20 factors spanning five major themes that affected their psychological response to patient recurrence. All oncologists expressed willingness to enroll patients in treatment optimization clinical trials; however, half indicated that they were more likely to experience a negative psychological response after a treatment optimization trial than after a traditional intensification trial, and a quarter reported that patient recurrence on an optimization trial would impact their recommendations for future trial enrollment. Oncologists who reported more negative psychological responses to patient recurrence after participation in an optimization trial were more likely to emphasize introspective factors, while those who reported no difference in response emphasized patient‐ and process‐focused factors.ConclusionsAlthough most oncologists recognize the importance of treatment optimization trials, a significant proportion indicated a greater potential for psychological distress following patient recurrence in such trials and offered insight into how trial design and the process of patient enrollment can be improved to minimize those negative psychological responses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Clinical trials are space travel”: Factors of psychological response to recurrence among oncologists enrolling patients in treatment optimization trials

Henderson,

Andrews,

Ingram

et al. 2023

Cancer Medicine

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show abstract

“…Roy D'Andrade [3] posited that a vertical integration of cultural models is associated with their motivational potential. For example, gender identity-being a man or a woman-could be thought of as a more abstract model that in turn entails models involving specific social settings and practices, such as "going to the bar" or "wearing fashionable clothing" (see [33], and [34] for a discussion of molar models). Yet, models, in themselves, "do not automatically impart motivational force" [35] (p. 13).…”

Section: Cultural Models and Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Domestication of Machismo in Brazil: Motivations, Reflexivity, and Consonance of Religious Male Gender Roles

Dengah,

Dressler,

Falcão

2024

Behavioral Sciences

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The relationship between culture and the individual is a central focus of social scientific research. This paper examines motivations that mediate between shared culture norms and individual actions. Inspired by the works of Leon Festinger and Melford Spiro, we posit that social network conformation (the perceived adherence of one’s social network with norms) and internalization of cultural norms (incorporation of cultural models with the self-schema) will differentially shape behavior (cultural consonance) depending on the domain and individual characteristics. For the domain of gender roles among Brazilian men, religious affiliation results in different configurations of the individual and culture. Our findings suggest that, due to changing and competing cultural models, religious men are compelled to reflexively “think” about what masculinity means to them, rather than subconsciously conform to social (hegemonic) expectations. This study demonstrates the importance of considering the impetus of culturally informed behaviors and, in doing so, provides a methodological means for measuring and interpreting such motivations, an important factor in the relationship between culture and the individual.

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“…(Kempton 2001: 50, 57, 59) Cognitive concepts can be used as well in the construction of a cultural model of the ecosystem. The cognitive cultural model is shared largely between people of the same culture, although with some individual variation (Shore 1996;Strauss and Quinn 1997;Bennardo and de Munck 2020). On the individual level, the cultural model helps organise information (Kidner 2017: 432).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sustainability Generated by the Views of the Skolt Sami and Gregory Bateson

Itkonen

2022

Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics

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This article contributes to the debate about environmental sustainability, using the Skolt Sami conceptions of nature obligations as guides to this theme. The author’s recent research material is analysed in relation to other relevant publications and sources of environmental anthropology. Three key factors emerge: reasonableness in the use of natural resources, protection of nature, and respect for nature. Gregory Bateson’s models help to arrange these elements in relation to each other. It is argued here that respect for nature sets a scale for the conceptions of reasonableness and nature protection as the basis of environmental sustainability. The article produces questions and principles that may help put environmental sustainability into practice.

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Cultural model theory in cognitive anthropology: recent developments and applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

“Clinical trials are space travel”: Factors of psychological response to recurrence among oncologists enrolling patients in treatment optimization trials

“Clinical trials are space travel”: Factors of psychological response to recurrence among oncologists enrolling patients in treatment optimization trials

The Domestication of Machismo in Brazil: Motivations, Reflexivity, and Consonance of Religious Male Gender Roles

Environmental Sustainability Generated by the Views of the Skolt Sami and Gregory Bateson

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