Cultural preferences in designing ecological sanitation systems in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan

Nawab, Bahadar; Nyborg, Ingrid; Esser, Kjell B.; Jenssen, Petter D.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.07.005

Cited by 76 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is contrary to the study done by Nekese (2007) in Wakiso, Uganda where UDDT were reported to be cheaper, affordable and comfortable as it excludes flies and smell. The same finding also were revealed by the study done in Pakistan on preference in designing ecological sanitation systems in north west frontier province, where EcoSan toilets were preferred by the local residents; showing that open defecation was a sign of poverty (Nawab et al, 2006). This discussion shows that there is a chance for UDDT to be adopted by even low income community, but will only be possible if the knowledge were properly disseminated and the community are well exposed to all design of the technology.…”

Section: Handling and Uses Of Dried Faeces And Urinesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…They further reported that similar challenges were observed among the Muslim communities during the initial stage of the project, but the adoption gradually improved through advocacy. Ecological sanitation has also been used in other Muslim communities such as Pakistan (Nawab et al, 2006). In accordance with Muench (2009), UDDTs are suitable for various cultural settings: they can be designed to suit both sitting and squatting cultures and to cope with the use of water for wet anal cleaning cultures as well.…”

Section: Handling and Uses Of Dried Faeces And Urinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges of adoption of urine-diversion dry toilets technology as sanitation option by coastal communities of Mkuranga District in Tanzania

Mayo¹,

Mubarak²

2015

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Mkuranga District council in collaboration with African Medical and Research Foundation (AMREF)introduced ecological sanitation option using urine-diversion dry toilets (UDDT) to the community between 2007 and 2009, which was later declared unsuccessful. This study analyzed factors that hindered the uptake of UDDT by the community by assessing the project implementation strategy. Techniques used for the study were questionnaire, interviews, observation and focus group discussion while respondents were government official and the community at the household level. The study reveals that the literacy level in Mkuranga district is 79.1%, but only 40.6% had some knowledge of ecological sanitation although only 9% proves that. About 52% of the respondents are using conventional pit latrines, but 27.3% have no toilet facilities. There was no evidence of adoption of UDDT technology at household level and only one of the seven UDDTs constructed by the project is operational. There was no sufficient evidence to suggest that Mkuranga District has sufficiently supported the project through supervision, advocacy and addressing community requirements. As a result, the idea came in top-bottom approach which failed because communities were not adequately involved in the project.

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Section: Handling and Uses Of Dried Faeces And Urinesupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Handling and Uses Of Dried Faeces And Urinementioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of adoption of urine-diversion dry toilets technology as sanitation option by coastal communities of Mkuranga District in Tanzania

Mayo¹,

Mubarak²

2015

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

“…Nawab et al (2006) complementam que, apesar dos diversos pontos positivos no uso do saneamento focado em recursos como a redução do risco de doença, prevenção da poluição e otimização do manejo e reúso dos nutrientes, a implantação desse sistema enfrenta várias desafios no âmbito social e cultural. Lennartsson et al (2009) Vale lembrar que a escolha de uma tecnologia em detrimento de outra por uma pessoa ou um grupo de pessoas não está relacionada, exclusivamente, ao conhecimento científico.…”

Section: Satisfação Quanto à Infraestrutura E Percepção Do Ecossaneamunclassified

“…Independente da tecnologia a ser adotada, a participação ativa, o envolvimento da população em todas as etapas do projeto, desde a concepção até a sua implantação são peças chave do processo de sensibilização e motivação para a escolha de tecnologias mais apropriadas para suas necessidades (KAPLAN, 2000). De acordo com Nawab et al (2006), o ecossaneamento precisa ser flexível para adaptar-se aos diferentes contextos socioculturais. Cohim et al (2007) A presença de professores, médicos, agentes de saúde e técnicos locais poderiam gerar um sentimento maior de confiança da população, proporcionando chances mais efetivas de uma adequada comunicação, entendimento e aceitação.…”

Section: Satisfação Quanto à Infraestrutura E Percepção Do Ecossaneamunclassified

Saneamento Básico Em Comunidade Peri-Urbana No Ceará: Perspectiva Para O Ecossaneamento E Sanitários Separadores

Botto¹,

Santos²

2013

Revista GESTA

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ResumoOs sanitários separadores de excretas, ainda, são pouco conhecidos e difundidos no Brasil. Apesar da existência de projetos exitosos em países da Europa e América Central, a transferência e sua implantação, ainda, são um desafio. O presente trabalho visa apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo realizar um pré-diagnóstico socioeconômico e ambiental, bem como avaliar a aceitação da implantação de sanitários com separação de excretas, em uma localidade peri-urbana no Estado do Ceará. A pesquisa, realizada na comunidade Vila Tomé em Aquiraz, constituiu-se, basicamente, de três etapas: (1) pré-diagnóstico socioeconômico e ambiental e caracterização da qualidade da água; (2) oficinas participativas de educação sanitária; e (3) aplicação de questionários para avaliar a aceitação dos sanitários separadores. Os resultados indicaram que a água de chuva armazenada nas cisternas de placa pelas famílias da localidade Vila Tomé não está isenta de contaminação microbiológica, necessitando de desinfecção antes do consumo, ou de um melhor manejo do descarte das primeiras águas, o qual deve ser menos dependente do usuário. Os resultados indicaram que as mulheres se mostraram mais receptivas aos sanitários separadores de excretas, enquanto os homens afirmaram preferir sanitários convencionais com água (p<0,05). Apesar de 90% dos entrevistados terem se colocado favoráveis com os conceitos do ecossaneamento, a forte desunião comunitária enfraqueceu o projeto, ocasionando a desistência da grande maioria em participar das reuniões, bem como na aceitação da tecnologia. Assim, pôde-se concluir que a rejeição de novas tecnologias pelos moradores da localidade Vila Tomé deveu-se, provavelmente, à ausência de uma equipe multidisciplinar com capacidade de identificar e considerar como parte essencial no projeto as características socioculturais da referida localidade.Palavras-chave: ecossaneamento, captação de água de chuva, sanitários com separação de excretas. AbstractThe urine-diverting toilets are little known and widespread in Brazil. Despite the existence of successful projects in countries such as Europe and Central America, the transfer and its implementation are still being a challenge. This paper presents the results of a survey that aimed to perform a socioeconomic and environmental pre-diagnosis, as well as evaluating the acceptance of urine-diverting toilets, in a peri-urban town in the state of Ceará. The survey, conducted at Vila Tomé community, located in Aquiraz, consisted basically of three phases: (1) socioeconomicenvironmental pre-diagnosis and water quality characterization, (2) participatory workshops in health education, and (3) questionnaires to assess the acceptance of urine-diverting toilets. The results revealed that the storage rainwater in cisterns from Vila Tomé presented microbiological contamination, requiring disinfection before consumption, or a better handling of the first millimeters rainwater, which must be less dependent on the users. The results revealed that women showed t...

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“…consumption of energy, cost, and benefits were assessed (Sonesson et al, 2000;Magid et al, 2006). However, the ecosan system is a complex eco-system that integrated social, economic, and natural factors (Wang, 2001;Dellstrom Rosenquist, 2005;Magid et al, 2006;Nawab et al, 2006), wherein a comprehensive framework of different subsystems should be established for understanding and unravelling complexity (Tainter, 2006;Saravanan, 2008). The Loess Plateau is a typical semiarid region on the upper reaches of the Yellow River in the west of China (see Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological-economic assessment of ecological sanitation development in the cities of Chinese Loess Plateau

Zhou

Liu

Wang

et al. 2010

Ecological Complexity

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Cultural preferences in designing ecological sanitation systems in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan

Cited by 76 publications

References 14 publications

Challenges of adoption of urine-diversion dry toilets technology as sanitation option by coastal communities of Mkuranga District in Tanzania

Challenges of adoption of urine-diversion dry toilets technology as sanitation option by coastal communities of Mkuranga District in Tanzania

Saneamento Básico Em Comunidade Peri-Urbana No Ceará: Perspectiva Para O Ecossaneamento E Sanitários Separadores

Ecological-economic assessment of ecological sanitation development in the cities of Chinese Loess Plateau

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